Effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on interleukin-34 levels in periodontal health and disease

• Published in: Indian journal of dental research 2018-05, Vol.29 (3), p.280-285
• Main Authors: Guruprasad, C, Pradeep, A
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Bone loss; Cardiovascular disease; Colony-stimulating factor; Cytokines; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Fibroblasts; Gingival crevicular fluid; Gingival index; Inflammation; Inflammatory bowel disease; Interleukins; Ligaments; Ligands; Macrophage colony-stimulating factor; Osteoclastogenesis; Periodontitis; Periodontium; Plasma; Research centers; Rheumatoid arthritis; Scaling; Statistical analysis; Therapeutic applications; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
• ISSN: 0970-9290; 1998-3603
• DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.IJDR_527_17

Background: Interleukin-34 (IL-34) is a recently identified alternative ligand for colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor plays an important role in osteoclastogenesis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the IL-34 levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and plasma in subjects with chronic periodontitis and to evaluate the effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on the GCF and plasma IL-34 levels. Materials and Methods: Thirty individuals (age range: 30-56 years) were selected and divided into groups based on the gingival index, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level, and radiologic parameters (bone loss): Group I (15 individuals with healthy periodontium), Group II (15 individuals with chronic generalized periodontitis) while Group II patients after 8 weeks of the treatment (scaling and root planning) constituted Group III. GCF samples and plasma samples were collected to estimate the levels of IL-34 using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Results: The mean IL-34 concentration in GCF and plasma was highest for Group II compared to Group I and decreased after nonsurgical periodontal therapy in chronic generalized periodontitis group. The difference between them was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: IL-34 can be considered as an "inflammatory marker" of periodontal disease and can be explored in the future as a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of periodontal disease.