Cardiovascular Disease, Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms; and the Renin Angiotensin System: Is There a MicroRNA Connection?

• Published in: International Journal of Hypertension 2010-01, Vol.2010 (2010), p.87-99
• Main Authors: Elton, Terry S., Martin, Mickey M., Sansom, Sarah E.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Angiotensin converting enzyme; Cardiovascular diseases; Development and progression; Genetic aspects; Health aspects; Messenger RNA; Review; Risk factors
• ISSN: 2090-0392; 2090-0384; 2090-0392
• DOI: 10.4061/2010/281692

Essential hypertension is a complex disorder, caused by the interplay between many genetic variants, gene-gene interactions, and environmental factors. Given that the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays an important role in blood pressure (BP) control, cardiovascular regulation, and cardiovascular remodeling, special attention has been devoted to the investigation of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) harbored in RAS genes that may be associated with hypertension and cardiovascular disease. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a family of small, ∼21-nucleotide long, and nonprotein-coding RNAs that recognize target mRNAs through partial complementary elements in the 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR) of mRNAs and inhibit gene expression by targeting mRNAs for translational repression or destabilization. Since miRNA SNPs (miRSNPs) can create, destroy, or modify miRNA binding sites, this review focuses on the hypothesis that transcribed target SNPs harbored in RAS mRNAs, that alter miRNA gene regulation and consequently protein expression, may contribute to cardiovascular disease susceptibility.