Floral Biology and Pollination Efficiency in Yam (Dioscorea spp.)

Yam (Dioscorea spp.) is a monocotyledonous herbaceous vine cultivated for its starchy underground or aerial tubers in the tropics and subtropics. It is an allogamous and polyploid species that reproduces by both sexual and asexual mechanisms. However, many of the landrace cultivars, including most o...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Agriculture (Basel) 2020-11, Vol.10 (11), p.560
Main Authors: Mondo, Jean M., Agre, Paterne A., Edemodu, Alex, Adebola, Patrick, Asiedu, Robert, Akoroda, Malachy O., Asfaw, Asrat
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biology
cross incompatibility breakage
Cultivars
Dioscorea
Domestication
Efficiency
Females
Flowering
Flowers & plants
Food security
Fruits
Genetic diversity
Genetic improvement
Incompatibility
Insects
Ovaries
Plant breeding
Plant propagation
Plant reproduction
Pollen
pollen viability and storage
Pollination
Polyploidy
profuse flowering
Propagation
Seed set
Seeds
Success
Tropical environments
Tubers
West Africa
Yams
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Summary:Yam (Dioscorea spp.) is a monocotyledonous herbaceous vine cultivated for its starchy underground or aerial tubers in the tropics and subtropics. It is an allogamous and polyploid species that reproduces by both sexual and asexual mechanisms. However, many of the landrace cultivars, including most of the popular varieties, reproduce exclusively by vegetative propagation (planting the tubers). These varieties are either sterile or produce sparse and irregular flowering with high flower abortion rate, low fruit and seed set. Production of crossbreed seeds for genetic improvement and for maintaining genetic diversity in yams is, therefore, mainly achieved through natural or managed pollination. Flowering in yam is mostly dioecious and, in some instances, monoecious. Flowering asynchrony, sticky nature of the pollen grains, and cross incompatibility are among the challenges in making genetic progress in yam breeding. There are many limitations in basic and applied knowledge of yam flower biology and pollination. This paper, therefore, reviews the flowering biology, pollination, and methods of improving pollination efficiency in yam breeding programs.
ISSN:2077-0472
2077-0472
DOI:10.3390/agriculture10110560