Validation of a biomarker tool capable of measuring the absorbed dose soon after exposure to ionizing radiation

A radiological or nuclear attack could involve such a large number of subjects as to overwhelm the emergency facilities in charge. Resources should therefore be focused on those subjects needing immediate medical attention and care. In such a scenario, for the triage management by first responders,...

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Published in:Scientific reports 2021-04, Vol.11 (1), p.8118-8118, Article 8118
Main Authors: Giovanetti, Anna, Marconi, Raffaella, Awad, Noha, Abuzied, Hala, Agamy, Neveen, Barakat, Mohamed, Bartoleschi, Cecilia, Bossi, Gianluca, Canfora, Marco, Elsaid, Amr A., Ioannilli, Laura, Ismail, Horeya M., Issa, Yasmine Amr, Novelli, Flavia, Pardini, Maria Chiara, Pioli, Claudio, Pinnarò, Paola, Sanguineti, Giuseppe, Tahoun, Mohamed M., Turchi, Riccardo, Strigari, Lidia
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
692/4028/67/1059/485
692/53
692/53/2422
Biomarkers
Chromosomes
DNA damage
Dosimetry
Humanities and Social Sciences
Ionizing radiation
Micronuclei
multidisciplinary
Radiation therapy
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
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Summary:A radiological or nuclear attack could involve such a large number of subjects as to overwhelm the emergency facilities in charge. Resources should therefore be focused on those subjects needing immediate medical attention and care. In such a scenario, for the triage management by first responders, it is necessary to count on efficient biological dosimetry tools capable of early detection of the absorbed dose. At present the validated assays for measuring the absorbed dose are dicentric chromosomes and micronuclei counts, which require more than 2–3 days to obtain results. To overcome this limitation the NATO SPS Programme funded an Italian–Egyptian collaborative project aimed at validating a fast, accurate and feasible tool for assessing the absorbed dose early after radiation exposure. Biomarkers as complete blood cell counts, DNA breaks and radio-inducible proteins were investigated on blood samples collected before and 3 h after the first fraction of radiotherapy in patients treated in specific target areas with doses/fraction of about: 2, 3.5 or > 5 Gy and compared with the reference micronuclei count. Based on univariate and multivariate multiple linear regression correlation, our results identify five early biomarkers potentially useful for detecting the extent of the absorbed dose 3 h after the exposure.
ISSN:2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/s41598-021-87173-3