Chemical characterization of hibiscus rosa-sinensis plant fibers facilitated through design of experiments and artificial neural network hybrid approach

• Published in: Scientific reports 2024-09, Vol.14 (1), p.22510-21, Article 22510
• Main Authors: Supriya, J. P., Shetty, Raviraj, Naik, Nithesh, Maddasani, Srinivasulu, Hegde, Adithya
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 639/166; 639/301; Acetic acid; Chemical Treatment; Composite materials; Crystallinity Index; Design of experiments; Epidermis; Fibers; Gravimetric analysis; Hibiscus - chemistry; Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis; Humanities and Social Sciences; Mechanical properties; multidisciplinary; Neural networks; Neural Networks, Computer; Physical characteristics; Plant fibers; Polymers; Potassium; Potassium permanganate; Potassium Permanganate - chemistry; Retting; Scanning electron microscopy; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Sodium hydroxide; Sodium Hydroxide - chemistry; Sodium Hydroxide, Acetic Acid; Temperature perception; Thermo-Gravimetric analysis; Thermogravimetry; X-Ray Diffraction; X-ray spectroscopy
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-73503-8

The integration of natural fibers into Fiber Reinforced Polymers (FRPs) has emerged as a promising avenue for sustainable and high-performance composite materials. Natural fibers, derived from plants, offer notable advantages such as renewability, low cost, and environmental friendliness. Among these natural fibers, Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis (HRS) plant fibers have gained significant attention owing to their widespread availability and unique mechanical properties. In this study, HRS fibers were chemically treated using Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH), Potassium Permanganate (KMnO 4 ), and Acetic Acid (CH 3 COOH) at different weight percentages (3, 4, 5 Wt.%) and solutionizing times (1, 2, 3 h) based on Taguchi’s L 27 orthogonal array. The fibers, extracted from epidermis of the stems, underwent cleaning and chemical treatment after water retting. The crystallinity index, determined via X-ray Diffraction (XRD), indicated a maximum value of 65.77%. Thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) exhibited a degradation temperature of 365.24 °C and a material loss of 63.11%. Potassium Permanganate treatment at 4 Wt.% and 3 h of solutionizing time has yielded the best results. Multi-Layer Perceptron Artificial Neural Network (MLP-ANN) has been successfully applied to accurately predict the output physical characteristics of chemically treated HRS fibers using experimental data. The results are in close alignment with the literature. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) analyses have provided valuable insights into the microstructure and constituents of the chemically treated HRS fibers. This research emphasises on the effectiveness of the chemical treatment process in enhancing the properties of HRS plant fibers for potential composite applications.