On the virulence of the entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae (Ascomycota: Hypocreales), against the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)

• Published in: Egyptian journal of biological pest control 2021-05, Vol.31 (1), p.1-7, Article 86
• Main Authors: Shehzad, Muhammad, Tariq, Muhammad, Mukhtar, Tariq, Gulzar, Asim
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Beauveria bassiana; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Butterflies & moths; Chemical control; Entomopathogenic fungi; Foliar application; Fungi; Insecticide resistance; Insecticides; Insects; Instars; Larvae; Leaves; Lepidoptera; Life Sciences; Metarhizium anisopliae; Microorganisms; Mortality; Offspring; Pests; Plutella xylostella; Plutellidae; Potential; Sex; Sex ratio; Spores; Spraying; Virulence; Zoology
• ISSN: 2536-9342; 1110-1768; 2536-9342
• DOI: 10.1186/s41938-021-00428-z

Background The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), is a noxious pest of cruciferous crops all over the world causing serious economic damage. Management of insect pest generally depends on chemical control; however, due to development of resistance against all types of insecticides, alternative approaches especially utilization of a microbial agent is inevitable. Results Potential of 2 entomopathogenic fungi (EPF), viz., Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae , was evaluated against 2 nd and 3 rd larval instars of P. xylostella by adopting leaf dip and direct spraying methods under laboratory conditions. Significant mortality rate was achieved by each fungus under adopted methodologies. However, B. bassiana was found to be more effective in both conditions than M. anisopliae . Highest mean corrected mortality (77.80%) was recorded, when spores of B. bassiana were sprayed on the 2 nd instar larvae (LC 50 =1.78×10 4 /ml) after the 6th day of treatment. Similarly, incase of M. anisopliae LC 50 for the 2 nd instar at the same methodology was 2.78×10 4 /ml with a mortality percentage of 70.0%. Offspring sex ratio was non-significantly related to treatment concentration and methodology, except for the control. Conclusion Beauveria bassiana and M. anisopliae had potential to suppress P. xylostella infestations when applied appropriately. Present findings suggested that B. bassiana and M. anisopliae when sprayed on immatures of host insect had more effect as compared to leaf dip procedure. Furthermore, no significant effect of concentrations was observed on sex ratio.