Loading…
Ankle osteoarthritis: an online survey of current treatment practices of UK‐based podiatrists and physiotherapists
Background Patients with painful ankle osteoarthritis (OA) have a mixed experience of non‐surgical management which they may attribute to a lack of guidance for clinicians on usual care treatment. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to survey the current clinical practices of UK‐based physiothe...
Saved in:
| Published in: | Journal of foot and ankle research 2023-12, Vol.16 (1), p.89-n/a |
|---|---|
| Main Authors: | , , |
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Subjects: | |
| Citations: | Items that this one cites |
| Online Access: | Get full text |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| cited_by | |
|---|---|
| cites | cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c5982-afb64c45456e9c87f162742088d5f430464760330c5404c8a3acafc6ce7b1d143 |
| container_end_page | n/a |
| container_issue | 1 |
| container_start_page | 89 |
| container_title | Journal of foot and ankle research |
| container_volume | 16 |
| creator | Callaghan, Michael J. Gala, Jinal Pravin Roddy, Edward |
| description | Background
Patients with painful ankle osteoarthritis (OA) have a mixed experience of non‐surgical management which they may attribute to a lack of guidance for clinicians on usual care treatment. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to survey the current clinical practices of UK‐based physiotherapists and podiatrists for the treatment of painful ankle osteoarthritis (OA).
Methods
UK‐based physiotherapists and podiatrists who treat patients with ankle OA completed a self‐administered online questionnaire about their professional and clinical service characteristics, diagnostic criteria, treatment aims, preferred treatment options, and treatment outcome measures. Data were collected anonymously and stored on JISC online survey. ‘Usual care’ was defined as a combination of ‘Always’, and ‘Frequently’, and ‘Not usual care’ was defined as ‘Sometimes’ ‘Rarely,’ ‘Never’, and ‘not applicable’ combined. Statistically significant differences in responses between the physiotherapists and podiatrists were analysed using X2 tests for each treatment modality. Statistical significance was set at p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1186/s13047-023-00683-3 |
| format | article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>gale_doaj_</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_c02ec5926eba4deaa87c745cd075ec2f</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><galeid>A776048612</galeid><doaj_id>oai_doaj_org_article_c02ec5926eba4deaa87c745cd075ec2f</doaj_id><sourcerecordid>A776048612</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5982-afb64c45456e9c87f162742088d5f430464760330c5404c8a3acafc6ce7b1d143</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqNks9uEzEQxlcIREvhBTiglZAQly3-t7YDBxQqAoVKXOjZcryzictmHWxvUW48As_IkzCblJIgDsgHe8e_-bzfzBTFY0pOKdXyRaKcCFURxitCpOYVv1McU1WrilIh7-6dj4oHKV0hxKSk94sjrolmnPHjIk_7Lx2UIWUINuZl9Nmnl6Xty9B3vocyDfEaNmVoSzfECH0ucwSbV-NpHa3L3kEary8__vz-Y24TNOU6NN7m6FNOqITfy03yIS8h2vUYfFjca22X4NHNflJczt5-PntfXXx6d342vahcPdGssu1cCidqUUuYOK1aKpkSjGjd1K1A71IoSTgnrhZEOG25dbZ10oGa04YKflKc73SbYK_MOvqVjRsTrDfbQIgLg56968A4wgBfZRLmVjRgrVZOido1RNXgWItar3da62G-gsah_2i7A9HDm94vzSJcG0oUdoBMUOH5jUIMXwdI2ax8ctB1tocwJMMmhE2EJoIj-vQv9CoMscdabSnsO1r_Qy0sOvB9G_BhN4qaqcLKCC0pQ-r0HxSuBlbehR5aj_GDhGd7CUuwXV6m0A3Zhz4dgmwHuhhSitDeVoMSM06o2U2owQk12wk1o7Un-3W8Tfk9kgi82gHf8L82_yFpPsym7M2MUGwf_wX7QfM4</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Website</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2902130647</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Ankle osteoarthritis: an online survey of current treatment practices of UK‐based podiatrists and physiotherapists</title><source>Open Access: PubMed Central</source><source>Wiley Online Library Open Access</source><source>Publicly Available Content (ProQuest)</source><creator>Callaghan, Michael J. ; Gala, Jinal Pravin ; Roddy, Edward</creator><creatorcontrib>Callaghan, Michael J. ; Gala, Jinal Pravin ; Roddy, Edward</creatorcontrib><description>Background
Patients with painful ankle osteoarthritis (OA) have a mixed experience of non‐surgical management which they may attribute to a lack of guidance for clinicians on usual care treatment. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to survey the current clinical practices of UK‐based physiotherapists and podiatrists for the treatment of painful ankle osteoarthritis (OA).
Methods
UK‐based physiotherapists and podiatrists who treat patients with ankle OA completed a self‐administered online questionnaire about their professional and clinical service characteristics, diagnostic criteria, treatment aims, preferred treatment options, and treatment outcome measures. Data were collected anonymously and stored on JISC online survey. ‘Usual care’ was defined as a combination of ‘Always’, and ‘Frequently’, and ‘Not usual care’ was defined as ‘Sometimes’ ‘Rarely,’ ‘Never’, and ‘not applicable’ combined. Statistically significant differences in responses between the physiotherapists and podiatrists were analysed using X2 tests for each treatment modality. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.
Results
Between 1st June 2021 and 31st August 2021, 100 responses were received; 2 were invalid. Of the 98 valid responses, 63 were from physiotherapists and 35 from podiatrists. The most common treatment aims in both professions were to reduce pain (n = 87, 89%) and improve quality of life (n = 82, 84%). 50 respondents (51%) offered 3 or 4 treatment sessions and 53 respondents (54%) saw patients for 30–40 min at the first treatment session.
The five most common modalities used by physiotherapists were patient education (n = 63, 100%), teaching self‐management (n = 58, 92%), lifestyle modification (n = 54, 86%), ankle strengthening (n = 55, 87%), and proprioception exercises (n = 54, 86%). For podiatrists, these were patient education (n = 35, 100%), ankle strengthening (n = 31, 89%), activity pacing (n = 28, 80%), lifestyle modification (n = 27, 77%), and gait training (n = 27, 77%).
Conclusions
This first‐ever survey revealed physiotherapists’ and podiatrists’ current practices to treat painful ankle OA. This study provides a better understanding of how ankle OA is treated in UK current clinical practice and can inform future clinical trials to compare current practice with new treatment modalities.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1757-1146</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1757-1146</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1186/s13047-023-00683-3</identifier><identifier>PMID: 38082323</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: BioMed Central</publisher><subject>Ankle ; Antiarthritic agents ; Arthritis ; Care and treatment ; Clinical medicine ; Clinical trials ; Consent ; Evidence-based medicine ; Lifestyles ; Osteoarthritis ; Pain ; Patient education ; Patient satisfaction ; Patients ; Physical therapists ; Physical therapy ; Physiotherapy ; Podiatrists ; Podiatry ; Professions ; Proprioception ; Quality of life ; Questionnaires ; Social networks ; Statistical analysis ; Survey ; Surveys ; Therapeutics, Physiological</subject><ispartof>Journal of foot and ankle research, 2023-12, Vol.16 (1), p.89-n/a</ispartof><rights>2023 The Authors</rights><rights>2023. The Author(s).</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2023 BioMed Central Ltd.</rights><rights>2023. This work is licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2023</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5982-afb64c45456e9c87f162742088d5f430464760330c5404c8a3acafc6ce7b1d143</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-3540-2838</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10714609/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2902130647?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,11542,25732,27903,27904,36991,36992,44569,46030,46454,53769,53771</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38082323$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Callaghan, Michael J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gala, Jinal Pravin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Roddy, Edward</creatorcontrib><title>Ankle osteoarthritis: an online survey of current treatment practices of UK‐based podiatrists and physiotherapists</title><title>Journal of foot and ankle research</title><addtitle>J Foot Ankle Res</addtitle><description>Background
Patients with painful ankle osteoarthritis (OA) have a mixed experience of non‐surgical management which they may attribute to a lack of guidance for clinicians on usual care treatment. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to survey the current clinical practices of UK‐based physiotherapists and podiatrists for the treatment of painful ankle osteoarthritis (OA).
Methods
UK‐based physiotherapists and podiatrists who treat patients with ankle OA completed a self‐administered online questionnaire about their professional and clinical service characteristics, diagnostic criteria, treatment aims, preferred treatment options, and treatment outcome measures. Data were collected anonymously and stored on JISC online survey. ‘Usual care’ was defined as a combination of ‘Always’, and ‘Frequently’, and ‘Not usual care’ was defined as ‘Sometimes’ ‘Rarely,’ ‘Never’, and ‘not applicable’ combined. Statistically significant differences in responses between the physiotherapists and podiatrists were analysed using X2 tests for each treatment modality. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.
Results
Between 1st June 2021 and 31st August 2021, 100 responses were received; 2 were invalid. Of the 98 valid responses, 63 were from physiotherapists and 35 from podiatrists. The most common treatment aims in both professions were to reduce pain (n = 87, 89%) and improve quality of life (n = 82, 84%). 50 respondents (51%) offered 3 or 4 treatment sessions and 53 respondents (54%) saw patients for 30–40 min at the first treatment session.
The five most common modalities used by physiotherapists were patient education (n = 63, 100%), teaching self‐management (n = 58, 92%), lifestyle modification (n = 54, 86%), ankle strengthening (n = 55, 87%), and proprioception exercises (n = 54, 86%). For podiatrists, these were patient education (n = 35, 100%), ankle strengthening (n = 31, 89%), activity pacing (n = 28, 80%), lifestyle modification (n = 27, 77%), and gait training (n = 27, 77%).
Conclusions
This first‐ever survey revealed physiotherapists’ and podiatrists’ current practices to treat painful ankle OA. This study provides a better understanding of how ankle OA is treated in UK current clinical practice and can inform future clinical trials to compare current practice with new treatment modalities.</description><subject>Ankle</subject><subject>Antiarthritic agents</subject><subject>Arthritis</subject><subject>Care and treatment</subject><subject>Clinical medicine</subject><subject>Clinical trials</subject><subject>Consent</subject><subject>Evidence-based medicine</subject><subject>Lifestyles</subject><subject>Osteoarthritis</subject><subject>Pain</subject><subject>Patient education</subject><subject>Patient satisfaction</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Physical therapists</subject><subject>Physical therapy</subject><subject>Physiotherapy</subject><subject>Podiatrists</subject><subject>Podiatry</subject><subject>Professions</subject><subject>Proprioception</subject><subject>Quality of life</subject><subject>Questionnaires</subject><subject>Social networks</subject><subject>Statistical analysis</subject><subject>Survey</subject><subject>Surveys</subject><subject>Therapeutics, Physiological</subject><issn>1757-1146</issn><issn>1757-1146</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>24P</sourceid><sourceid>PIMPY</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNks9uEzEQxlcIREvhBTiglZAQly3-t7YDBxQqAoVKXOjZcryzictmHWxvUW48As_IkzCblJIgDsgHe8e_-bzfzBTFY0pOKdXyRaKcCFURxitCpOYVv1McU1WrilIh7-6dj4oHKV0hxKSk94sjrolmnPHjIk_7Lx2UIWUINuZl9Nmnl6Xty9B3vocyDfEaNmVoSzfECH0ucwSbV-NpHa3L3kEary8__vz-Y24TNOU6NN7m6FNOqITfy03yIS8h2vUYfFjca22X4NHNflJczt5-PntfXXx6d342vahcPdGssu1cCidqUUuYOK1aKpkSjGjd1K1A71IoSTgnrhZEOG25dbZ10oGa04YKflKc73SbYK_MOvqVjRsTrDfbQIgLg56968A4wgBfZRLmVjRgrVZOido1RNXgWItar3da62G-gsah_2i7A9HDm94vzSJcG0oUdoBMUOH5jUIMXwdI2ax8ctB1tocwJMMmhE2EJoIj-vQv9CoMscdabSnsO1r_Qy0sOvB9G_BhN4qaqcLKCC0pQ-r0HxSuBlbehR5aj_GDhGd7CUuwXV6m0A3Zhz4dgmwHuhhSitDeVoMSM06o2U2owQk12wk1o7Un-3W8Tfk9kgi82gHf8L82_yFpPsym7M2MUGwf_wX7QfM4</recordid><startdate>20231212</startdate><enddate>20231212</enddate><creator>Callaghan, Michael J.</creator><creator>Gala, Jinal Pravin</creator><creator>Roddy, Edward</creator><general>BioMed Central</general><general>BioMed Central Ltd</general><general>Wiley</general><scope>24P</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3540-2838</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20231212</creationdate><title>Ankle osteoarthritis: an online survey of current treatment practices of UK‐based podiatrists and physiotherapists</title><author>Callaghan, Michael J. ; Gala, Jinal Pravin ; Roddy, Edward</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c5982-afb64c45456e9c87f162742088d5f430464760330c5404c8a3acafc6ce7b1d143</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Ankle</topic><topic>Antiarthritic agents</topic><topic>Arthritis</topic><topic>Care and treatment</topic><topic>Clinical medicine</topic><topic>Clinical trials</topic><topic>Consent</topic><topic>Evidence-based medicine</topic><topic>Lifestyles</topic><topic>Osteoarthritis</topic><topic>Pain</topic><topic>Patient education</topic><topic>Patient satisfaction</topic><topic>Patients</topic><topic>Physical therapists</topic><topic>Physical therapy</topic><topic>Physiotherapy</topic><topic>Podiatrists</topic><topic>Podiatry</topic><topic>Professions</topic><topic>Proprioception</topic><topic>Quality of life</topic><topic>Questionnaires</topic><topic>Social networks</topic><topic>Statistical analysis</topic><topic>Survey</topic><topic>Surveys</topic><topic>Therapeutics, Physiological</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Callaghan, Michael J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gala, Jinal Pravin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Roddy, Edward</creatorcontrib><collection>Wiley Online Library Open Access</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Physical Education Index</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content (ProQuest)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>Journal of foot and ankle research</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Callaghan, Michael J.</au><au>Gala, Jinal Pravin</au><au>Roddy, Edward</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Ankle osteoarthritis: an online survey of current treatment practices of UK‐based podiatrists and physiotherapists</atitle><jtitle>Journal of foot and ankle research</jtitle><addtitle>J Foot Ankle Res</addtitle><date>2023-12-12</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>16</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>89</spage><epage>n/a</epage><pages>89-n/a</pages><issn>1757-1146</issn><eissn>1757-1146</eissn><abstract>Background
Patients with painful ankle osteoarthritis (OA) have a mixed experience of non‐surgical management which they may attribute to a lack of guidance for clinicians on usual care treatment. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to survey the current clinical practices of UK‐based physiotherapists and podiatrists for the treatment of painful ankle osteoarthritis (OA).
Methods
UK‐based physiotherapists and podiatrists who treat patients with ankle OA completed a self‐administered online questionnaire about their professional and clinical service characteristics, diagnostic criteria, treatment aims, preferred treatment options, and treatment outcome measures. Data were collected anonymously and stored on JISC online survey. ‘Usual care’ was defined as a combination of ‘Always’, and ‘Frequently’, and ‘Not usual care’ was defined as ‘Sometimes’ ‘Rarely,’ ‘Never’, and ‘not applicable’ combined. Statistically significant differences in responses between the physiotherapists and podiatrists were analysed using X2 tests for each treatment modality. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.
Results
Between 1st June 2021 and 31st August 2021, 100 responses were received; 2 were invalid. Of the 98 valid responses, 63 were from physiotherapists and 35 from podiatrists. The most common treatment aims in both professions were to reduce pain (n = 87, 89%) and improve quality of life (n = 82, 84%). 50 respondents (51%) offered 3 or 4 treatment sessions and 53 respondents (54%) saw patients for 30–40 min at the first treatment session.
The five most common modalities used by physiotherapists were patient education (n = 63, 100%), teaching self‐management (n = 58, 92%), lifestyle modification (n = 54, 86%), ankle strengthening (n = 55, 87%), and proprioception exercises (n = 54, 86%). For podiatrists, these were patient education (n = 35, 100%), ankle strengthening (n = 31, 89%), activity pacing (n = 28, 80%), lifestyle modification (n = 27, 77%), and gait training (n = 27, 77%).
Conclusions
This first‐ever survey revealed physiotherapists’ and podiatrists’ current practices to treat painful ankle OA. This study provides a better understanding of how ankle OA is treated in UK current clinical practice and can inform future clinical trials to compare current practice with new treatment modalities.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>BioMed Central</pub><pmid>38082323</pmid><doi>10.1186/s13047-023-00683-3</doi><tpages>10</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3540-2838</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1757-1146 |
| ispartof | Journal of foot and ankle research, 2023-12, Vol.16 (1), p.89-n/a |
| issn | 1757-1146 1757-1146 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_c02ec5926eba4deaa87c745cd075ec2f |
| source | Open Access: PubMed Central; Wiley Online Library Open Access; Publicly Available Content (ProQuest) |
| subjects | Ankle Antiarthritic agents Arthritis Care and treatment Clinical medicine Clinical trials Consent Evidence-based medicine Lifestyles Osteoarthritis Pain Patient education Patient satisfaction Patients Physical therapists Physical therapy Physiotherapy Podiatrists Podiatry Professions Proprioception Quality of life Questionnaires Social networks Statistical analysis Survey Surveys Therapeutics, Physiological |
| title | Ankle osteoarthritis: an online survey of current treatment practices of UK‐based podiatrists and physiotherapists |
| url | http://sfxeu10.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/loughborough?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-24T17%3A48%3A19IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_doaj_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Ankle%20osteoarthritis:%20an%20online%20survey%20of%20current%20treatment%20practices%20of%20UK%E2%80%90based%20podiatrists%20and%20physiotherapists&rft.jtitle=Journal%20of%20foot%20and%20ankle%20research&rft.au=Callaghan,%20Michael%20J.&rft.date=2023-12-12&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=89&rft.epage=n/a&rft.pages=89-n/a&rft.issn=1757-1146&rft.eissn=1757-1146&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186/s13047-023-00683-3&rft_dat=%3Cgale_doaj_%3EA776048612%3C/gale_doaj_%3E%3Cgrp_id%3Ecdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c5982-afb64c45456e9c87f162742088d5f430464760330c5404c8a3acafc6ce7b1d143%3C/grp_id%3E%3Coa%3E%3C/oa%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2902130647&rft_id=info:pmid/38082323&rft_galeid=A776048612&rfr_iscdi=true |