Peripheral Biomarker for Vascular Disorders

Atherosclerosis is the underlying cause of most myocardial infarction (MI) and ischaemic stroke episodes. An early sign of atherosclerosis is hypertrophy of the arterial wall. It is known that increased intima media thickness (IMT) is a non-invasive marker of arterial wall alteration, which can easi...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biomarker insights 2018, Vol.13, p.1177271918812467-1177271918812467
Main Authors: Shad, Kaneez Fatima, Luqman, Nazar, Simpson, Ann M, Lal, Sara
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adenosine triphosphate
Arteriosclerosis
Atherosclerosis
Authorship
Binding sites
Biomarkers
Carotid artery
Cerebral infarction
D-Serine
Enzymes
Glutamatergic transmission
Glutamic acid receptors
Glutamic acid receptors (ionotropic)
Glycine
Hypertrophy
Ischemia
L-Serine
Lipoproteins
Myocardial infarction
N-Methyl-D-aspartic acid receptors
Neurotransmission
Physiology
Serine racemase
Short Report
Stroke
Synaptic plasticity
Ultrasonic imaging
Ultrasound
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Atherosclerosis is the underlying cause of most myocardial infarction (MI) and ischaemic stroke episodes. An early sign of atherosclerosis is hypertrophy of the arterial wall. It is known that increased intima media thickness (IMT) is a non-invasive marker of arterial wall alteration, which can easily be assessed in the carotid arteries by high-resolution B-mode ultrasound. Similarly, the other key element of MI and ischaemic strokes is the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor which is an ionotropic glutamate receptor that mediates the vast majority of excitatory neurotransmission in the brain. NMDA activation requires the binding of both glutamate and a coagonist like D-serine to its glycine site. A special enzyme, serine racemase (SR), is required for the conversion of L-serine into D-serine, and alterations in SR activities lead to a variety of physiological and pathological conditions ranging from synaptic plasticity to ischemia, MI, and stroke. The amount of D-serine available for the activation of glutamatergic signalling is largely determined by SR and we have developed ways to estimate its levels in human blood samples and correlate it with the IMT. This research based short communication describes our pilot study, which clearly suggests that there is a direct relationship between the SR, D-serine, and IMT. In this article, we will discuss whether the activity of SR can determine the future consequences resulting from vascular pathologies such as MI and stroke.
ISSN:1177-2719
1177-2719
DOI:10.1177/1177271918812467