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Microbial Contamination of Photographic and Cinematographic Materials in Archival Funds in the Czech Republic
In this study we investigated the microbial contamination of 126 samples of photographic and cinematographic materials from 10 archival funds in the Czech Republic. Microorganisms were isolated from the light-sensitive layer by swabbing it with a polyurethane sponge. Microbial isolates were identifi...
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| Published in: | Microorganisms (Basel) 2022-01, Vol.10 (1), p.155 |
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| creator | Purkrtova, Sabina Savicka, Dana Kadava, Jana Sykorova, Hana Kovacova, Nikola Kalisova, Dominika Nesporova, Tereza Novakova, Martina Masek Benetkova, Barbora Koukalova, Lucie Boryskova, Stepanka Hnulikova, Blanka Durovic, Michal Demnerova, Katerina |
| description | In this study we investigated the microbial contamination of 126 samples of photographic and cinematographic materials from 10 archival funds in the Czech Republic. Microorganisms were isolated from the light-sensitive layer by swabbing it with a polyurethane sponge. Microbial isolates were identified by MALDI-TOF MS (bacteria) or by phenotype testing and microscopy (fungi). Bacterial contamination was more abundant and more diverse than fungal contamination, and both were significantly associated with archives. The most frequently isolated fungal genera were
,
,
and
The most frequently isolated bacteria were Gram-positive genera such as
,
,
,
and
. This bacterial and fungal diversity suggests that air is the main vehicle of contamination. We also analysed the impact of the type of material used for the carrier (paper, baryta paper, cellulose acetate and nitrate or glass) or the light-sensitive layer (albumen, gelatine, collodion and other) on the level and diversity of microbial contamination. Carriers such as polyester and cellulose nitrate may have a negative impact on bacterial contamination, while paper and baryta paper may have a partially positive impact on both fungal and bacterial contamination. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/microorganisms10010155 |
| format | article |
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,
,
and
The most frequently isolated bacteria were Gram-positive genera such as
,
,
,
and
. This bacterial and fungal diversity suggests that air is the main vehicle of contamination. We also analysed the impact of the type of material used for the carrier (paper, baryta paper, cellulose acetate and nitrate or glass) or the light-sensitive layer (albumen, gelatine, collodion and other) on the level and diversity of microbial contamination. Carriers such as polyester and cellulose nitrate may have a negative impact on bacterial contamination, while paper and baryta paper may have a partially positive impact on both fungal and bacterial contamination.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2076-2607</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2076-2607</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10010155</identifier><identifier>PMID: 35056604</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Acetic acid ; Albumen ; archival funds ; Archives & records ; Bacteria ; Barium hydroxide ; Cellulose ; Cellulose acetate ; Cellulose nitrate ; cinematographic materials ; Cinematography ; Contamination ; Czech Republic ; Disinfection & disinfectants ; Funds ; fungal contamination ; Fungi ; Gram-positive bacteria ; Humidity ; Impact analysis ; Light ; Methods ; Microbial contamination ; Microorganisms ; Nitrates ; Phenotypes ; photographic materials ; Polyethylene ; Polymers ; Polyurethane ; Polyurethane resins ; Radiation ; Silver ; Vinegar</subject><ispartof>Microorganisms (Basel), 2022-01, Vol.10 (1), p.155</ispartof><rights>2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2022 by the authors. 2022</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c508t-bc9a09f84f6656658275a4932bcf51001f408ab3855a7b47c475b99005990e9f3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c508t-bc9a09f84f6656658275a4932bcf51001f408ab3855a7b47c475b99005990e9f3</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-3919-7739</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2621307900/fulltextPDF?pq-origsite=primo$$EPDF$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2621307900?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,25753,27924,27925,37012,37013,44590,53791,53793,75126</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35056604$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Purkrtova, Sabina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Savicka, Dana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kadava, Jana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sykorova, Hana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kovacova, Nikola</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kalisova, Dominika</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nesporova, Tereza</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Novakova, Martina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Masek Benetkova, Barbora</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Koukalova, Lucie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Boryskova, Stepanka</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hnulikova, Blanka</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Durovic, Michal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Demnerova, Katerina</creatorcontrib><title>Microbial Contamination of Photographic and Cinematographic Materials in Archival Funds in the Czech Republic</title><title>Microorganisms (Basel)</title><addtitle>Microorganisms</addtitle><description>In this study we investigated the microbial contamination of 126 samples of photographic and cinematographic materials from 10 archival funds in the Czech Republic. Microorganisms were isolated from the light-sensitive layer by swabbing it with a polyurethane sponge. Microbial isolates were identified by MALDI-TOF MS (bacteria) or by phenotype testing and microscopy (fungi). Bacterial contamination was more abundant and more diverse than fungal contamination, and both were significantly associated with archives. The most frequently isolated fungal genera were
,
,
and
The most frequently isolated bacteria were Gram-positive genera such as
,
,
,
and
. This bacterial and fungal diversity suggests that air is the main vehicle of contamination. We also analysed the impact of the type of material used for the carrier (paper, baryta paper, cellulose acetate and nitrate or glass) or the light-sensitive layer (albumen, gelatine, collodion and other) on the level and diversity of microbial contamination. Carriers such as polyester and cellulose nitrate may have a negative impact on bacterial contamination, while paper and baryta paper may have a partially positive impact on both fungal and bacterial contamination.</description><subject>Acetic acid</subject><subject>Albumen</subject><subject>archival funds</subject><subject>Archives & records</subject><subject>Bacteria</subject><subject>Barium hydroxide</subject><subject>Cellulose</subject><subject>Cellulose acetate</subject><subject>Cellulose nitrate</subject><subject>cinematographic materials</subject><subject>Cinematography</subject><subject>Contamination</subject><subject>Czech Republic</subject><subject>Disinfection & disinfectants</subject><subject>Funds</subject><subject>fungal contamination</subject><subject>Fungi</subject><subject>Gram-positive bacteria</subject><subject>Humidity</subject><subject>Impact analysis</subject><subject>Light</subject><subject>Methods</subject><subject>Microbial contamination</subject><subject>Microorganisms</subject><subject>Nitrates</subject><subject>Phenotypes</subject><subject>photographic materials</subject><subject>Polyethylene</subject><subject>Polymers</subject><subject>Polyurethane</subject><subject>Polyurethane 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(Basel)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Purkrtova, Sabina</au><au>Savicka, Dana</au><au>Kadava, Jana</au><au>Sykorova, Hana</au><au>Kovacova, Nikola</au><au>Kalisova, Dominika</au><au>Nesporova, Tereza</au><au>Novakova, Martina</au><au>Masek Benetkova, Barbora</au><au>Koukalova, Lucie</au><au>Boryskova, Stepanka</au><au>Hnulikova, Blanka</au><au>Durovic, Michal</au><au>Demnerova, Katerina</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Microbial Contamination of Photographic and Cinematographic Materials in Archival Funds in the Czech Republic</atitle><jtitle>Microorganisms (Basel)</jtitle><addtitle>Microorganisms</addtitle><date>2022-01-12</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>10</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>155</spage><pages>155-</pages><issn>2076-2607</issn><eissn>2076-2607</eissn><abstract>In this study we investigated the microbial contamination of 126 samples of photographic and cinematographic materials from 10 archival funds in the Czech Republic. Microorganisms were isolated from the light-sensitive layer by swabbing it with a polyurethane sponge. Microbial isolates were identified by MALDI-TOF MS (bacteria) or by phenotype testing and microscopy (fungi). Bacterial contamination was more abundant and more diverse than fungal contamination, and both were significantly associated with archives. The most frequently isolated fungal genera were
,
,
and
The most frequently isolated bacteria were Gram-positive genera such as
,
,
,
and
. This bacterial and fungal diversity suggests that air is the main vehicle of contamination. We also analysed the impact of the type of material used for the carrier (paper, baryta paper, cellulose acetate and nitrate or glass) or the light-sensitive layer (albumen, gelatine, collodion and other) on the level and diversity of microbial contamination. Carriers such as polyester and cellulose nitrate may have a negative impact on bacterial contamination, while paper and baryta paper may have a partially positive impact on both fungal and bacterial contamination.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>35056604</pmid><doi>10.3390/microorganisms10010155</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3919-7739</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Microorganisms (Basel), 2022-01, Vol.10 (1), p.155 |
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| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_c159c0693b944ac98d677ad47a9eb488 |
| source | Publicly Available Content Database; PubMed Central |
| subjects | Acetic acid Albumen archival funds Archives & records Bacteria Barium hydroxide Cellulose Cellulose acetate Cellulose nitrate cinematographic materials Cinematography Contamination Czech Republic Disinfection & disinfectants Funds fungal contamination Fungi Gram-positive bacteria Humidity Impact analysis Light Methods Microbial contamination Microorganisms Nitrates Phenotypes photographic materials Polyethylene Polymers Polyurethane Polyurethane resins Radiation Silver Vinegar |
| title | Microbial Contamination of Photographic and Cinematographic Materials in Archival Funds in the Czech Republic |
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