Diversity of Microbial Mats in the Makgadikgadi Salt Pans, Botswana

The Makgadikgadi Salt Pans are the remnants of a mega paleo-lake system in the central Kalahari, Botswana. Today, the Makgadikgadi Basin is an arid to semi-arid area receiving water of meteoric origin during the short, wet season. Large microbial mats, which support primary production, are formed du...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Microorganisms (Basel) 2024-01, Vol.12 (1), p.147
Main Authors: Filippidou, Sevasti, Price, Alex, Spencer-Jones, Charlotte, Scales, Anthony, Macey, Michael C, Franchi, Fulvio, Lebogang, Lesedi, Cavalazzi, Barbara, Schwenzer, Susanne P, Olsson-Francis, Karen
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Actinobacteria
Aridity
Carbon
Cyanobacteria
Desiccants
Desiccation
Distribution
Dry season
Environmental aspects
Makgadikgadi Basin
Metagenomics
Microbial mats
Microorganisms
Moisture content
Primary production
Radiation
Rainy season
Receiving waters
Relative abundance
Salinity
Salt
Salt flats
salt pans
Scanning electron microscopy
Sediments
Semi arid areas
Software
Statistical analysis
Temperature
Veganism
Water content
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Summary:The Makgadikgadi Salt Pans are the remnants of a mega paleo-lake system in the central Kalahari, Botswana. Today, the Makgadikgadi Basin is an arid to semi-arid area receiving water of meteoric origin during the short, wet season. Large microbial mats, which support primary production, are formed due to desiccation during the dry season. This study aimed to characterise the microbial diversity of the microbial mats and the underlying sediment. The focus was the Ntwetwe Pan, located west of the Makgadikgadi Basin. Metagenomic analyses demonstrated that the mats consisted of a high relative abundance of Cyanobacteriota (synonym Cyanobacteria) (20.50-41.47%), Pseudomonadota (synonym Proteobacteria) (15.71 to 32.18%), and Actinomycetota (synonym Actinobacteria) (8.53-32.56%). In the underlying sediments, Pseudomonadota, Actinomycetota, and Euryarchaeota represented over 70% of the community. Localised fluctuations in water content and pH did not significantly affect the microbial diversity of the sediment or the mats.
ISSN:2076-2607
2076-2607
DOI:10.3390/microorganisms12010147