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The First Registered Type 0 Spinal Muscular Atrophy Patient in Latvia: Call for Change in Prenatal Diagnostic Procedures

This case report presents the first registered patient in Latvia with type 0 spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). During the first-trimester ultrasonography of the unborn patient, an increased thickness of the nuchal fold was detected. The mother reported decreased foetal movements during the pregnancy. A...

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Published in:Case reports in medicine 2023-06, Vol.2023, p.3480298-7
Main Authors: Čupāne, Tīna Luīze, Dīriks, Mikus, Tauriņa, Gita, Korņejeva, Liene, Gailīte, Linda, Mālniece, Ieva, Auzenbaha, Madara
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creator Čupāne, Tīna Luīze
Dīriks, Mikus
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Auzenbaha, Madara
description This case report presents the first registered patient in Latvia with type 0 spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). During the first-trimester ultrasonography of the unborn patient, an increased thickness of the nuchal fold was detected. The mother reported decreased foetal movements during the pregnancy. After the boy was born, his general condition was extremely severe. The clinical signs indicated a suspected neuromuscular disorder. A precise diagnosis, type 0 SMA, was determined 7 days after birth through a newborn pilot-screening for SMA, which was conducted for all newborns whose parents consented to participate. The condition of the infant deteriorated. He had severe respiratory distress followed by multiple events leading to his death. Currently, there are only a few published case reports detailing an increased nuchal translucency (NT) measurement in association with a diagnosis of SMA in the foetus. However, an increased NT measurement is a clinically relevant sign as it can be related to genetic syndromes, foetal malformations, disruptions, and dysplasias. Since there is no cure for infants with type 0 SMA at present, it is crucial to be able to detect this disease prenatally in order to provide the best possible care for the patient and parents. This includes the provision of palliative care for the patient, among other measures. This case report highlights the prenatal signs and symptoms in relation to type 0 SMA.
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During the first-trimester ultrasonography of the unborn patient, an increased thickness of the nuchal fold was detected. The mother reported decreased foetal movements during the pregnancy. After the boy was born, his general condition was extremely severe. The clinical signs indicated a suspected neuromuscular disorder. A precise diagnosis, type 0 SMA, was determined 7 days after birth through a newborn pilot-screening for SMA, which was conducted for all newborns whose parents consented to participate. The condition of the infant deteriorated. He had severe respiratory distress followed by multiple events leading to his death. Currently, there are only a few published case reports detailing an increased nuchal translucency (NT) measurement in association with a diagnosis of SMA in the foetus. However, an increased NT measurement is a clinically relevant sign as it can be related to genetic syndromes, foetal malformations, disruptions, and dysplasias. 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subjects Age
Atrophy
Babies
Births
Cardiac arrhythmia
Case Report
Case reports
Congenital diseases
Defects
Diagnosis
Diagnostic imaging
Fetuses
Fractures
Genes
Heart
Hypoglycemia
Infants
Life expectancy
Medical diagnosis
Medical prognosis
Medical screening
Neonates
Neuromuscular diseases
Newborn babies
Palliative treatment
Patients
Pregnancy
Pregnant women
Proteins
Spinal muscular atrophy
Ultrasonic imaging
White people
title The First Registered Type 0 Spinal Muscular Atrophy Patient in Latvia: Call for Change in Prenatal Diagnostic Procedures
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