Genomic evidence for global ocean plankton biogeography shaped by large-scale current systems

Biogeographical studies have traditionally focused on readily visible organisms, but recent technological advances are enabling analyses of the large-scale distribution of microscopic organisms, whose biogeographical patterns have long been debated. Here we assessed the global structure of plankton...

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Published in:eLife 2022-08, Vol.11
Main Authors: Richter, Daniel J, Watteaux, Romain, Vannier, Thomas, Leconte, Jade, Frémont, Paul, Reygondeau, Gabriel, Maillet, Nicolas, Henry, Nicolas, Benoit, Gaëtan, Da Silva, Ophélie, Delmont, Tom O, Fernàndez-Guerra, Antonio, Suweis, Samir, Narci, Romain, Berney, Cédric, Eveillard, Damien, Gavory, Frederick, Guidi, Lionel, Labadie, Karine, Mahieu, Eric, Poulain, Julie, Romac, Sarah, Roux, Simon, Dimier, Céline, Kandels, Stefanie, Picheral, Marc, Searson, Sarah, Pesant, Stéphane, Aury, Jean-Marc, Brum, Jennifer R, Lemaitre, Claire, Pelletier, Eric, Bork, Peer, Sunagawa, Shinichi, Lombard, Fabien, Karp-Boss, Lee, Bowler, Chris, Sullivan, Matthew B, Karsenti, Eric, Mariadassou, Mahendra, Probert, Ian, Peterlongo, Pierre, Wincker, Patrick, de Vargas, Colomban, Ribera d'Alcalà, Maurizio, Iudicone, Daniele, Jaillon, Olivier
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bioinformatics
Computer Science
Ecology
Ecosystem
Genetics and Genomics
Genomics
Geography
metabarcoding
metagenomics
microbial oceanography
Oceans and Seas
Plankton - genetics
plankton biogeography
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Summary:Biogeographical studies have traditionally focused on readily visible organisms, but recent technological advances are enabling analyses of the large-scale distribution of microscopic organisms, whose biogeographical patterns have long been debated. Here we assessed the global structure of plankton geography and its relation to the biological, chemical, and physical context of the ocean (the 'seascape') by analyzing metagenomes of plankton communities sampled across oceans during the Oceans expedition, in light of environmental data and ocean current transport. Using a consistent approach across organismal sizes that provides unprecedented resolution to measure changes in genomic composition between communities, we report a pan-ocean, size-dependent plankton biogeography overlying regional heterogeneity. We found robust evidence for a basin-scale impact of transport by ocean currents on plankton biogeography, and on a characteristic timescale of community dynamics going beyond simple seasonality or life history transitions of plankton.
ISSN:2050-084X
2050-084X
DOI:10.7554/eLife.78129