Floral biology of cacauhy (Theobroma speciosum - Malvaceae)

In the present work, cacauhy's (Theobroma speciosum) floral biology was studied. Flower buds split their sepals at 14h reaching its maximum at 22h, but all flowers were fully opened at 6:00 h of the following morning. Stigmatic branches showed exudates, reaching maximum between 6:00 h and 10:00...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Brazilian archives of biology and technology 2010-08, Vol.53 (4), p.861-872
Main Authors: Souza, Márcio Silva de(Fundação Universidade Federal do Rio Grande Departamento de Oceanografia Laboratório de Ecologia do Fitoplâncton e Microorganismos Marinhos), Venturieri, Giorgini Augusto(Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Centro de Ciências Biológicas Laboratório de Evolução Aplicada)
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
cocoa
flower behavior
hybridization
self-incompatibility
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Summary:In the present work, cacauhy's (Theobroma speciosum) floral biology was studied. Flower buds split their sepals at 14h reaching its maximum at 22h, but all flowers were fully opened at 6:00 h of the following morning. Stigmatic branches showed exudates, reaching maximum between 6:00 h and 10:00 h at the same day. Ligules and petal hoods were the floral parts with highest intensity of odour. Flowers were receptive along all the morning and noon of the anthesis day. Approximately 65% of the flowers were naturally pollinated, but only 0.85% of them set a fruit. Abscission occurred on its higher frequency at 6:00 h of the second day after anthesis. Controlled pollinations showed that cacauhy was self-incompatible species. Neste trabalho foi estudada a biologia floral do cacaui (Theobroma speciosum). Os botões florais romperam a suas sépalas às 14h com a maior freqüência às 22h, estando completamente abertas às 6 h da manhã seguinte. Os braços estigmáticos apresentaram exsudato, com o nível máximo entre 06 e 10 horas da manhã do mesmo dia. As lígulas mais as cógulas foram as partes florais com odor mais intenso. As flores estavam receptivas durante toda a manhã e à tarde do dia da antese. Aproximadamente 65% das flores foram naturalmente polinizadas, mas somente 0,85% formou fruto. A abscisão ocorreu com maior frequência às 6 h do segundo dia após a antese. Polinizações controladas mostraram que o cacauí é uma espécie auto-incompatível.
ISSN:1516-8913
1516-8913
1678-4324
DOI:10.1590/s1516-89132010000400016