Underwater Shock Wave-Enhanced Cavitation to Induce Morphological Changes and Cell Permeabilization in Microscopic Fungi

Since the discovery of extracorporeal lithotripsy, there has been an increased interest in studying shock wave-induced cavitation, both to improve this technique and to explore novel biotechnological applications. As shock waves propagate through fluids, pre-existing microbubbles undergo expansion a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Fluids (Basel) 2024-04, Vol.9 (4), p.81
Main Authors: Martínez-Maldonado, Miguel A, Millán-Chiu, Blanca E, Fernández, Francisco, Larrañaga, Daniel, Gómez-Lim, Miguel A, Loske, Achim M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
20th century
acoustic cavitation
Air quality management
Aspergillus niger
Bacteria
biotechnological applications
Biotechnology
Bubbles
Cavitation
Enzymes
Fungi
Lithotripsy
Metabolites
Microjets
Microscopy
morphological changes
Morphology
Proteins
Shock waves
Signal transduction
tandem shock waves
Wave propagation
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Summary:Since the discovery of extracorporeal lithotripsy, there has been an increased interest in studying shock wave-induced cavitation, both to improve this technique and to explore novel biotechnological applications. As shock waves propagate through fluids, pre-existing microbubbles undergo expansion and collapse, emitting high-speed microjets. These microjets play a crucial role in the pulverization of urinary stones during lithotripsy and have been utilized in the delivery of drugs and genetic materials into cells. Their intensity can be amplified using tandem shock waves, generated so that the second wave reaches the bubbles, expanded by the first wave, during their collapse. Nevertheless, there is little information regarding the control of microjet emissions. This study aimed to demonstrate that specific effects can be obtained by tuning the delay between the first and second shock waves. Suspensions containing Aspergillus niger, a microscopic fungus that produces metabolites with high commercial value, were exposed to single-pulse and tandem shock waves. Morphological changes were analyzed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Proteins released into the medium after shock wave exposure were also studied. Our findings suggest that, with enhanced control over cavitation, the detachment of proteins using conventional methods could be significantly optimized in future studies.
ISSN:2311-5521
2311-5521
DOI:10.3390/fluids9040081