Plasmalogens in Innate Immune Cells: From Arachidonate Signaling to Ferroptosis

Polyunsaturated fatty acids such as arachidonic acid are indispensable components of innate immune signaling. Plasmalogens are glycerophospholipids with a vinyl ether bond in the sn-1 position of the glycerol backbone instead of the more common sn-1 ester bond present in "classical" glycer...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biomolecules (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2024-11, Vol.14 (11), p.1461
Main Authors: Balsinde, Jesús, Balboa, María A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Arachidonic acid
Arachidonic Acid - metabolism
Cell death
Cellular signal transduction
Enzymes
Fatty acids
Ferroptosis
Fluidity
Humans
Immunity, Innate
inflammation
innate immunity
Kinases
Macrophages
Macrophages - immunology
Macrophages - metabolism
Mass spectrometry
Metabolism
Oxidative metabolism
Oxidative Stress
Phagocytosis
Phospholipids
Physiological aspects
plasmalogens
Plasmalogens - metabolism
Polyunsaturated fatty acids
Scientific imaging
Signal Transduction
Unsaturated fatty acids
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Summary:Polyunsaturated fatty acids such as arachidonic acid are indispensable components of innate immune signaling. Plasmalogens are glycerophospholipids with a vinyl ether bond in the sn-1 position of the glycerol backbone instead of the more common sn-1 ester bond present in "classical" glycerophospholipids. This kind of phospholipid is particularly rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially arachidonic acid. In addition to or independently of the role of plasmalogens as major providers of free arachidonic acid for eicosanoid synthesis, plasmalogens also perform a varied number of functions. Membrane plasmalogen levels may determine parameters of the plasma membrane, such as fluidity and the formation of microdomains that are necessary for efficient signal transduction leading to optimal phagocytosis by macrophages. Also, plasmalogens may be instrumental for the execution of ferroptosis. This is a nonapoptotic form of cell death that is associated with oxidative stress. This review discusses recent data suggesting that, beyond their involvement in the cellular metabolism of arachidonic acid, the cells maintain stable pools of plasmalogens rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids for executing specific responses.
ISSN:2218-273X
2218-273X
DOI:10.3390/biom14111461