Recombinant Strains of Human Parechovirus in Rural Areas in the North of Brazil

We characterized the 24 nearly full-length genomes of human parechoviruses (PeV) from children in the north of Brazil. The initial phylogenetic analysis indicated that 17 strains belonged to genotype 1, 5 to genotype 4, and 1 to genotype 17. A more detailed analysis revealed a high frequency of reco...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Viruses 2019-05, Vol.11 (6), p.488
Main Authors: Leal, Élcio, Luchs, Adriana, Milagres, Flávio Augusto de Pádua, Komninakis, Shirley Vasconcelos, Gill, Danielle Elise, Lobato, Márcia Cristina Alves Brito Sayão, Brustulin, Rafael, Chagas, Rogério Togisaki das, Abrão, Maria de Fátima Neves Dos Santos, Soares, Cássia Vitória de Deus Alves, Villanova, Fabiola, Witkin, Steven S, Deng, Xutao, Sabino, Ester Cerdeira, Delwart, Eric, Costa, Antônio Charlys da
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Brazil
coalescent
Enzymes
Feces
Gastroenteritis
Genetic diversity
Genomes
Genotypes
Infections
Methods
parechovirus
Pathogens
Phylogenetics
Phylogeny
picornavirus
Recombination
Strains (organisms)
virome
Viruses
VP1 protein
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Summary:We characterized the 24 nearly full-length genomes of human parechoviruses (PeV) from children in the north of Brazil. The initial phylogenetic analysis indicated that 17 strains belonged to genotype 1, 5 to genotype 4, and 1 to genotype 17. A more detailed analysis revealed a high frequency of recombinant strains (58%): A total of 14 of our PeV-As were chimeric, with four distinct recombination patterns identified. Five strains were composed of genotypes 1 and 5 (Rec1/5); five strains shared a complex mosaic pattern formed by genotypes 4, 5, and 17 (Rec4/17/5); two strains were composed of genotypes 1 and 17 (Rec1/17); and two strains were composed of genotype 1 and an undetermined strain (Rec1/und). Coalescent analysis based on the gene, which is free of recombination, indicated that the recombinant strains most likely arose in this region approximately 30 years ago. They are present in high frequencies and are circulating in different small and isolated cities in the state of Tocantins. Further studies will be needed to establish whether the detected recombinant strains have been replacing parental strains or if they are co-circulating in distinct frequencies in Tocantins.
ISSN:1999-4915
1999-4915
DOI:10.3390/v11060488