Trends and Disparities in Diet Quality and Nutrient Intake among US Adults by Bodyweight Status

The prevalence of obesity has been increasing in the US. Among the multifactorial contributors to obesity, dietary factors stand out as primary drivers. Using data from NHANES, we investigated the trends and disparities in diet quality and nutrient intake among US adults with different bodyweight st...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nutrients 2024-08, Vol.16 (16), p.2793
Main Authors: Gu, Wenbo, Yang, Yi, Wang, Liuying, Song, Yuhua, Yan, Xuemin, Tian, Zhen, Sun, Changhao
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Age
Aged
Body Mass Index
Body Weight
Diet
Diet - statistics & numerical data
Diet - trends
dietary quality
Energy
Energy Intake
Ethnicity
Fatty acids
Female
Grain
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
nutrient intake
Nutrients
Nutrition Surveys
Obesity
Obesity - epidemiology
Oils & fats
Overweight
Overweight - epidemiology
Population
Proteins
Seafood
trend
Trends
United States - epidemiology
Weight control
Young Adult
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Summary:The prevalence of obesity has been increasing in the US. Among the multifactorial contributors to obesity, dietary factors stand out as primary drivers. Using data from NHANES, we investigated the trends and disparities in diet quality and nutrient intake among US adults with different bodyweight statuses. Participants were divided into normal weight, overweight, and obese groups based on BMI. Diet quality was examined using HEI-2020. Nutrient intake was estimated based on the USDA Food and Nutrient Database for Dietary Studies. From 1999 to 2020, Despite an overall improvement in diet quality among overweight and obese US adults, disparities persisted for most HEI-2020 components, and worsened for whole grains, seafood and plant proteins, and fatty acids between normal weight and obese participants. Overweight and obese participants tended to consume less energy from total carbohydrates and more from total fat. The estimated total energy intake increased among obese participants over the past two decades, while no significant changes were observed among normal weight and overweight participants. In the 2017-2020 period, obese participants had lower HEI-2020 scores than both normal weight and overweight participants. However, no significant differences in total energy intake were observed among normal weight, overweight, and obese populations.
ISSN:2072-6643
2072-6643
DOI:10.3390/nu16162793