The effect of nanomaterials on embryonic stem cell neural differentiation: a systematic review

• Published in: European journal of medical research 2023-12, Vol.28 (1), p.576-576, Article 576
• Main Authors: Rahimi Darehbagh, Ramyar, Mahmoodi, Mozaffar, Amini, Nader, Babahajiani, Media, Allavaisie, Azra, Moradi, Yousef
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Analysis; Biological products; Biomedical materials; Cell differentiation; Citation management software; Embryonic stem cell; Embryonic stem cells; Medical research; Nanomaterials; Nanoparticles; Nanostructured materials; Nervous system; Neural differentiation; Neurons; Quantum dots; Regenerative medicine; Review; Stem cell research; Stem cells; Systematic review; Tissue engineering
• ISSN: 2047-783X; 0949-2321; 2047-783X
• DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01546-0

Humans' nervous system has a limited ability to repair nerve cells, which poses substantial challenges in treating injuries and diseases. Stem cells are identified by the potential to renew their selves and develop into several cell types, making them ideal candidates for cell replacement in injured neurons. Neuronal differentiation of embryonic stem cells in modern medicine is significant. Nanomaterials have distinct advantages in directing stem cell function and tissue regeneration in this field. We attempted in this systematic review to collect data, analyze them, and report results on the effect of nanomaterials on neuronal differentiation of embryonic stem cells. International databases such as PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and EMBASE were searched for available articles on the effect of nanomaterials on neuronal differentiation of embryonic stem cells (up to OCTOBER 2023). After that, screening (by title, abstract, and full text), selection, and data extraction were performed. Also, quality assessment was conducted based on the STROBE checklist. In total, 1507 articles were identified and assessed, and then only 29 articles were found eligible to be included. Nine studies used 0D nanomaterials, ten used 1D nanomaterials, two reported 2D nanomaterials, and eight demonstrated the application of 3D nanomaterials. The main biomaterial in studies was polymer-based composites. Three studies reported the negative effect of nanomaterials on neural differentiation. Neural differentiation is crucial in neurological regenerative medicine. Nanomaterials with different characteristics, particularly those cellular regulating activities and stem cell fate, have much potential in neural tissue engineering. These findings indicate a new understanding of potential applications of physicochemical cues in nerve tissue engineering.