Receptor Binding Domain-Specific B Cell Memory Responses Among Individuals Vaccinated Against SARS-CoV-2

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic prompted unprecedented vaccine development efforts against SARS-CoV-2. India, which was one of the countries most impacted by COVID-19, developed its indigenous vaccine in addition to utilizing the ones developed by other countries. While antibody levels and neutral...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Vaccines (Basel) 2024-12, Vol.12 (12), p.1396
Main Authors: Athavale, Atharv, Gaur, Anmol, Ahmed, Nafees, Subramaniam, Adarsh, Dandotiya, Jyotsna, Raj, Sneha, Upadhyay, Santosh Kumar, Samal, Sweety, Pandey, Anil Kumar, Rai, Ramesh Chandra, Awasthi, Amit
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antibodies
antibody-secreting cell (ASC)
Antigens
Binding
Cells
coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
COVID-19
COVID-19 vaccines
Disease transmission
Immunological memory
Infections
Labeling
Lymphocytes
Lymphocytes B
Lymphocytes T
memory B cell (MBC)
Memory cells
mRNA
Pandemics
Pathogens
Peripheral circulation
Plasma
Proteins
receptor-binding domain (RBD)
Receptors
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
Vaccine development
Vaccines
Viruses
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Summary:Background: The COVID-19 pandemic prompted unprecedented vaccine development efforts against SARS-CoV-2. India, which was one of the countries most impacted by COVID-19, developed its indigenous vaccine in addition to utilizing the ones developed by other countries. While antibody levels and neutralizing antibody titres are considered initial correlates of immune protection, long-term protection from the pathogen relies on memory B and T cells and their recall responses. In this regard, global research has primarily focused on mRNA-based vaccines. The studies on immune memory response, particularly B cell memory response induced by the vaccines given to Indians, remain relatively obscure. Methods: We assessed Receptor Binding Domain-specific memory B cells in the peripheral circulation and their ability to secrete antigen-specific antibodies among Indians vaccinated with Covaxin (BBV152), Covishield (AZD1222), Corbevax (BECOV2D), and Sputnik Light, as well as unvaccinated individuals. Results: Corbevax and Sputnik Light conferred better antibody-secreting cell (ASC) responses over time compared to other groups. Conclusions: These findings contribute to our understanding of vaccine-induced immune memory in the Indian population; providing insights that could inform future vaccine strategies.
ISSN:2076-393X
2076-393X
DOI:10.3390/vaccines12121396