Histological assessment, anti-quorum sensing, and anti-biofilm activities of Dioon spinulosum extract: in vitro and in vivo approach

• Published in: Scientific reports 2022-01, Vol.12 (1), p.180-180, Article 180
• Main Authors: Elekhnawy, Engy, Negm, Walaa A., El-Aasr, Mona, Kamer, Amal Abo, Alqarni, Mohammed, Batiha, Gaber El-Saber, Obaidullah, Ahmad J., Fawzy, Heba M.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 631/326/22; 631/326/2522; 631/326/41; 631/326/46; Animal models; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents - isolation & purification; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; Antibiotics; Antimicrobial agents; Bacterial Proteins - genetics; Bacterial Proteins - metabolism; Biofilms; Biofilms - drug effects; Biofilms - growth & development; Cell lines; Cell surface; Chromobacterium - drug effects; Chromobacterium - growth & development; Chromobacterium - metabolism; Clinical isolates; Cytotoxicity; Disease Models, Animal; Exopolysaccharides; Female; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Health problems; Humanities and Social Sciences; Hydrophobicity; Indoles - metabolism; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; multidisciplinary; Plant Extracts - isolation & purification; Plant Extracts - pharmacology; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Pseudomonas aeruginosa - drug effects; Pseudomonas aeruginosa - genetics; Pseudomonas aeruginosa - growth & development; Pseudomonas aeruginosa - metabolism; Pseudomonas Infections - microbiology; Pseudomonas Infections - pathology; Pseudomonas Infections - prevention & control; Quorum sensing; Quorum Sensing - drug effects; Rats; RhlR protein; Scanning electron microscopy; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Skin Diseases, Bacterial - microbiology; Skin Diseases, Bacterial - pathology; Skin Diseases, Bacterial - prevention & control; Violacein; Virulence factors; Zamiaceae - chemistry
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03953-x

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic bacterium causing several health problems and having many virulence factors like biofilm formation on different surfaces. There is a significant need to develop new antimicrobials due to the spreading resistance to the commonly used antibiotics, partly attributed to biofilm formation. Consequently, this study aimed to investigate the anti-biofilm and anti-quorum sensing activities of Dioon spinulosum, Dyer Ex Eichler extract (DSE), against Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates. DSE exhibited a reduction in the biofilm formation by P. aeruginosa isolates both in vitro and in vivo rat models. It also resulted in a decrease in cell surface hydrophobicity and exopolysaccharide quantity of P. aeruginosa isolates. Both bright field and scanning electron microscopes provided evidence for the inhibiting ability of DSE on biofilm formation. Moreover, it reduced violacein production by Chromobacterium violaceum (ATCC 12,472). It decreased the relative expression of 4 quorum sensing genes ( las I, las R, rhl I, rhl R) and the biofilm gene ( ndv B) using qRT-PCR. Furthermore, DSE presented a cytotoxic activity with IC 50 of 4.36 ± 0.52 µg/ml against human skin fibroblast cell lines. For the first time, this study reports that DSE is a promising resource of anti-biofilm and anti-quorum sensing agents.