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ANALISE DA COMPOSICAO CORPORAL: EVOLUCAO HISTORICA DO MODELO ANATOMICO DE ANALISE TECIDUAL

ABSTRACT Body composition: historical evolution of tissue fractionation anatomic modelThere are two major types of human body fractionation: chemical and anatomical. The methods arising from the chemical model are popular due to hydrodensitometry be the first technique known body analysis. However,...

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Published in:Revista brasileira de prescrição e fisiologia do exercício 2017-09, Vol.11 (68), p.620-625
Main Authors: Ribeiro, Gustavo dos Santos, Lopes, André Luís
Format: Article
Language:Portuguese
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Summary:ABSTRACT Body composition: historical evolution of tissue fractionation anatomic modelThere are two major types of human body fractionation: chemical and anatomical. The methods arising from the chemical model are popular due to hydrodensitometry be the first technique known body analysis. However, they exhibit many misconceptions. Thus, new methods were developed in the anatomical model. This study aims to present and discuss historical facts and theoretical assumptions that underpin the anatomical model of tissue analysis. In 1921, Matiegka (1921) developed a method that to fractionate the body mass of four components: fat mass, bone, muscle and residual. In 1984, Drinkwater (1984) validated these equations using 13 cadavers, proposing changes to the original formulas. In 1990, Martin et al. (1990) updated the equation that estimated muscle mass in the cadavers. In addition, Lee et al. analyzed by images the tissue components in vivo samples, proposing new equation to predict muscle mass. These studies culminated in the fractionation method in five components, considered the most economical and complete technique of today. Based on this information, the anatomical model has been revised and updated over the years, showing strong foundation that transcends the assumptions and limitations inherent in the chemical model. Thus, its use seems more consistent for body composition analysis. Existem dois grandes modelos de fracionamento do corpo humano: químico e anatômico. Os métodos oriundos do modelo químico são populares devido à pesagem hidrostática ser a primeira técnica conhecida de análise corporal. No entanto, elas exibem inúmeros erros conceituais. Assim, novos métodos foram desenvolvidos no modelo anatômico. Este estudo busca apresentar e discutir fatos históricos e pressupostos teóricos que sustentam o modelo anatômico de análise tecidual. Em 1921, Matiegka (1921) desenvolveu um método que fracionava a massa corporal em quatro componentes: massa adiposa, óssea, muscular e visceral. Em 1984, Drinkwater (1984) validou as equações utilizando 13 cadáveres, propondo alterações nas fórmulas originais. Em 1990, Martin e colaboradores (1990) atualizaram a equação que estimava a massa muscular em cadáveres. Adicionalmente, Lee et al. analisaram por imagens os componentes teciduais em amostras in vivo, propondo nova equação para predizer a massa muscular. Estes estudos culminaram no método de fracionamento em cinco componentes, considerado a técnica mais econô
ISSN:1981-9900
1981-9900