Energy Harvesting Mechanisms in a Smart City—A Review

The issue of how to power the deployed Internet of Things (IoT) nodes with ubiquitous and long lasting energy in order to ensure uninterruptible optimisation of smart cities is of utmost concern. This among other challenges has continued to gear efforts toward energy harvesting research. With the ou...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Smart cities (Basel) 2021-06, Vol.4 (2), p.476-498
Main Authors: Akin-Ponnle, Ajibike Eunice, Carvalho, Nuno Borges
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Automation
COVID-19
COVID-19 pandemic
Disease control
Electronic devices
Energy harvesting
Energy resources
Internet of Things
IoT
Nodes
Optimization
Pandemics
Radio frequency identification
Sensors
Smart cities
smart city
Wireless networks
Wireless sensor networks
WSNs
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Summary:The issue of how to power the deployed Internet of Things (IoT) nodes with ubiquitous and long lasting energy in order to ensure uninterruptible optimisation of smart cities is of utmost concern. This among other challenges has continued to gear efforts toward energy harvesting research. With the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic and the lockdown that nearly paralysed activities of everyday living in many nations of the world, option of human remote interaction to enforce social distancing became imperative. Hence, the world is witnessing a renewed awareness of the importance of IoT devices, as integral components of smart city, especially for the essence of survival in the face of lockdown. Energy harvesting is a possible solution that could enable IoT nodes to scavenge self-sustaining energy from environmental ambient sources. In this paper, we have reviewed most sources within city that energy could be harvested from, as reported by researchers in literature. In addition, we have submitted that energy sources can be application specific, such that, since there are many free sources in the city as presented in this review, energy should be scavenged within close proximity of need for various IoT devices or wireless sensor networks (WSNs), for smart city automation.
ISSN:2624-6511
2624-6511
DOI:10.3390/smartcities4020025