Revised annotation and extended characterizations of components of the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii SUMOylation system

Small ubiquitin‐like modifier (SUMO) conjugation, or SUMOylation, is a reversible post‐translational modification that is important for regulation of many cellular processes including cell division cycle in the eukaryotic kingdom. However, only a portion of the components of the Chlamydomonas SUMOyl...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Plant direct 2020-09, Vol.4 (9), p.e00266-n/a
Main Authors: Lin, Yen‐Ling, Chung, Chin‐Lin, Huang, Pin‐jui, Chen, Chun‐Han, Fang, Su‐Chiung
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cell cycle
Cell division
Chlamydomonas
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Defects
Deoxyribonucleic acid
deSUMOylation
DNA
Endopeptidase
Enzymes
Gene expression
Genomes
Original Research
Phylogenetics
Proteins
SUMO protein
SUMOylation
Translation
Ubiquitin
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Summary:Small ubiquitin‐like modifier (SUMO) conjugation, or SUMOylation, is a reversible post‐translational modification that is important for regulation of many cellular processes including cell division cycle in the eukaryotic kingdom. However, only a portion of the components of the Chlamydomonas SUMOylation system are known and their functions and regulation investigated. The present studies are aimed at extending discovery and characterization of new components and improving the annotation and nomenclature of all known proteins and genes involved in the system. Even though only one copy of the heterodimerized SUMO‐activating enzyme, SAE1 and SAE2, was identified, the number of SUMO‐conjugating enzymes (SCEs) and SUMO proteases/isopeptidase was expanded in Chlamydomonas. Using the reconstituted SUMOylation system, we showed that SCE1, SCE2, and SCE3 have SUMO‐conjugating activity. In addition to SUMOylation, components required for other post‐translational modifications such as NEDDylation, URMylation, and UFMylation, were confirmed to be present in Chlamydomonas. Our data also showed that besides isopeptidase activity, the SUMO protease domain of SUPPRESSOR OF MAT3 7/SENTRIN‐SPECIFIC PROTEASE 1 (SMT7/SENP1) has endopeptidase activity that is capable of processing SUMO precursors. Moreover, the key cell cycle regulators of Chlamydomonas E2F1, DP1, CDKG1, CYCD2, and CYCD3 were SUMOylated in vitro, suggesting SUMOylation may be part of regulatory pathway modulating cell cycle regulators.
ISSN:2475-4455
2475-4455
DOI:10.1002/pld3.266