Risk of airway fire with the use of KTP laser and high flow humidified oxygen delivery in a laryngeal surgery model

Airway surgery presents a unique environment for operating room fire to occur. This study aims to explore the factors of combustion when using KTP laser with high flow oxygen in an ex-vivo model. The variables tested were varying tissue type, tissue condition, oxygen concentration, laser setting, an...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Scientific reports 2022-01, Vol.12 (1), p.543-9, Article 543
Main Authors: Huang, Lucy, Badenoch, Adam, Vermeulen, Marthinus, Ullah, Shahid, Woods, Charmaine, Athanasiadis, Theodore, Ooi, Eng Hooi
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
692/308/575
692/499
Adipose tissue
Animals
Fires
Humanities and Social Sciences
Humans
Larynx - surgery
Lasers
Lasers, Solid-State - therapeutic use
multidisciplinary
Operating Rooms
Oxygen
Oxygen - metabolism
Respiratory tract
Risk Factors
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Surgery
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Summary:Airway surgery presents a unique environment for operating room fire to occur. This study aims to explore the factors of combustion when using KTP laser with high flow oxygen in an ex-vivo model. The variables tested were varying tissue type, tissue condition, oxygen concentration, laser setting, and smoke evacuation in a stainless-steel model. Outcome measures were time of lasing to the first spark and/or flame. A multivariate Cox proportional hazard model was used to determine the risk of spark and flame across the different risk factors. For every 10% increase in oxygen concentration above 60% the risk of flame increased by a factor of 2.3. Continuous laser setting at 2.6 W increased the risk by a factor of 72.8. The risk of lasing adipose tissue is 7.3 times higher than that of muscle. Charred tissue increases the risk of flame by a factor of 92.8. Flame occurred without a preceding spark 93.6% of the time. Using KTP laser in the pulsed mode with low wattages, minimising lasing time, reducing the oxygen concentration and avoiding lasing adipose or charred tissue produce a relatively low estimated risk of spark or flame.
ISSN:2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/s41598-021-04636-3