Twenty-Five Years of Domoic Acid Monitoring in Galicia (NW Spain): Spatial, Temporal and Interspecific Variations

Prevalence, impact on shellfish resources and interspecific, spatial, and temporal variabilities of domoic acid (DA) in bivalves from Galicia (NW Spain) have been studied based on more than 25 years of monitoring data. The maximum prevalence (samples in which DA was detected) (100%) and incidence (s...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Toxins 2021-10, Vol.13 (11), p.756
Main Authors: Blanco, Juan, Moroño, Ángeles, Arévalo, Fabiola, Correa, Jorge, Salgado, Covadonga, Rossignoli, Araceli E, Lamas, J Pablo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
amnesic shellfish poisoning
Animals
ASP
Bivalvia
Bivalvia - microbiology
Detoxification
Domoic acid
Environmental Monitoring
Food Contamination - analysis
Food Microbiology
incidence
Interspecific
Intoxication
Kainic Acid - analogs & derivatives
Kainic Acid - analysis
Maxima
Mollusks
Monitoring
multidecadal
prevalence
Seasonal distribution
Shellfish
Spain
Spatio-Temporal Analysis
Species Specificity
Toxins
Trends
variability
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Summary:Prevalence, impact on shellfish resources and interspecific, spatial, and temporal variabilities of domoic acid (DA) in bivalves from Galicia (NW Spain) have been studied based on more than 25 years of monitoring data. The maximum prevalence (samples in which DA was detected) (100%) and incidence (samples with DA levels above the regulatory limit) (97.4%) were recorded in , and the minimum ones in (12.6 and 1.1%, respectively). The maximum DA concentrations were 663.9 mg kg in and 316 mg kg in . After excluding scallop data, DA was found (prevalence) in 13.3% of bivalve samples, with 1.3% being over the regulatory limit. In general, the prevalence of this toxin decreased towards the North but not the magnitude of its episodes. The seasonal distribution was characterized by two maxima, in spring and autumn, with the later decreasing in intensity towards the north. DA levels decreased slightly over the studied period, although this decreasing trend was not linear. A cyclic pattern was observed in the interannual variability, with cycles of 4 and 11 years. Intoxication and detoxification rates were slower than those expected from laboratory experiments, suggesting the supply of DA during these phases plays an important role.
ISSN:2072-6651
2072-6651
DOI:10.3390/toxins13110756