Wild-Grown and Cultivated Glechoma hederacea L.: Chemical Composition and Potential for Cultivation in Organic Farming Conditions

L. is a medicinal plant that is known in traditional medicine for its anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, and anticancer properties. This study evaluated the potential for commercial production of and compared the chemical composition and activity of 70% ethanol extracts and steam-distilled...

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Published in:Plants (Basel) 2022-03, Vol.11 (6), p.819
Main Authors: Sile, Inga, Krizhanovska, Valerija, Nakurte, Ilva, Mezaka, Ieva, Kalane, Laura, Filipovs, Jevgenijs, Vecvanags, Alekss, Pugovics, Osvalds, Grinberga, Solveiga, Dambrova, Maija, Kronberga, Arta
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acids
Anti-inflammatory agents
Anticancer properties
Antioxidants
Antiviral activity
Biological activity
Bone marrow
Chemical activity
Chemical composition
Chromatography
Cultivation
Essential oils
Ethanol
Farming
Flavonoids
Flow cytometry
Flowering
Glechoma hederacea
Glycosides
harvesting period
Herbal medicine
Inflammation
Lipopolysaccharides
Macrophages
Mass spectrometry
Medicinal plants
Oils & fats
Organic farming
Phenolic acids
Phenols
Phenotypes
Polyphenols
Quantitative analysis
Retention
Scientific imaging
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Summary:L. is a medicinal plant that is known in traditional medicine for its anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, and anticancer properties. This study evaluated the potential for commercial production of and compared the chemical composition and activity of 70% ethanol extracts and steam-distilled essential oils from wild-grown and cultivated collected in different harvesting periods. The main compounds identified in the 70% ethanol extracts were phenolic acids (chlorogenic and rosmarinic acids) and flavonoid O-glycosides. The essential oil varied in the three accessions in the range of 0.32-2.98 mL/kg of dry weight. The extracts possessed potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in LPS-treated bone-marrow-derived macrophages. The results of flow cytometry show that extracts from different vegetation periods reduced the conversion of macrophages to the proinflammatory phenotype M1. The chemical composition varied the most with the different harvesting periods, and the most suitable periods were the flowering and vegetative phases for the polyphenolic compounds and essential oils, respectively. can be successfully grown under organic farming conditions, and cultivation does not significantly affect the chemical composition and biological activity compared to wild-grown plants.
ISSN:2223-7747
2223-7747
DOI:10.3390/plants11060819