How to Improve the Performance of Electrochemical Sensors via Minimization of Electrode Passivation

It follows from critical evaluation of possibilities and limitations of modern voltammetric/amperometric methods that one of the biggest obstacles in their practical applications in real sample analysis is connected with electrode passivation/fouling by electrode reaction products and/or matrix comp...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Chemosensors 2021-01, Vol.9 (1), p.12
Main Author: Barek, Jiri
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biosensors
Carbon
Chemical sensors
Chemistry
Electrical measurement
Electrode materials
electrode modification
electrode passivation
electrode pretreatment
electrode protection
electrode surface renewal
Electrodes
Enzymes
Fouling
Laboratories
measurement in flowing systems
Membrane separation
Mitochondrial DNA
Organic chemistry
Passivity
Reaction products
Rotating disks
Sensors
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Summary:It follows from critical evaluation of possibilities and limitations of modern voltammetric/amperometric methods that one of the biggest obstacles in their practical applications in real sample analysis is connected with electrode passivation/fouling by electrode reaction products and/or matrix components. This review summarizes possibilities how to minimise these problems in the field of detection of small organic molecules and critically compares their potential and acceptability in practical laboratories. Attention is focused on simple and fast electrode surface renewal, the use of disposable electrodes just for one and/or few measurements, surface modification minimising electrode fouling, measuring in flowing systems, application of rotating disc electrode, the use of novel separation methods preventing access of passivating particles to electrode surface and the novel electrode materials more resistant toward passivation. An attempt is made to predict further development in this field and to stress the need for more systematic and less random research resulting in new measuring protocols less amenable to complications connected with electrode passivation.
ISSN:2227-9040
2227-9040
DOI:10.3390/chemosensors9010012