A Gray Scale Correction Method for Side-Scan Sonar Images Based on Retinex

When side-scan sonars collect data, sonar energy attenuation, the residual of time varying gain, beam patterns, angular responses, and sonar altitude variations occur, which lead to an uneven gray level in side-scan sonar images. Therefore, gray scale correction is needed before further processing o...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Remote sensing (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2019-06, Vol.11 (11), p.1281
Main Authors: Ye, Xiufen, Yang, Haibo, Li, Chuanlong, Jia, Yunpeng, Li, Peng
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acoustics
Algorithms
Attenuation
Automation
Autonomous underwater vehicles
Distortion
Gray scale
gray scale correction
Illumination
Image enhancement
International conferences
Methods
Multiplication
Propagation
Reflection
Remote sensing
Retinex
Retinex (algorithm)
Shipwrecks
Side scan sonar
side-scan sonar image
Signal processing
Sonar
Target recognition
Topography
Underwater exploration
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Summary:When side-scan sonars collect data, sonar energy attenuation, the residual of time varying gain, beam patterns, angular responses, and sonar altitude variations occur, which lead to an uneven gray level in side-scan sonar images. Therefore, gray scale correction is needed before further processing of side-scan sonar images. In this paper, we introduce the causes of gray distortion in side-scan sonar images and the commonly used optical and side-scan sonar gray scale correction methods. As existing methods cannot effectively correct distortion, we propose a simple, yet effective gray scale correction method for side-scan sonar images based on Retinex given the characteristics of side-scan sonar images. Firstly, we smooth the original image and add a constant as an illumination map. Then, we divide the original image by the illumination map to produce the reflection map. Finally, we perform element-wise multiplication between the reflection map and a constant coefficient to produce the final enhanced image. Two different schemes are used to implement our algorithm. For gray scale correction of side-scan sonar images, the proposed method is more effective than the latest similar methods based on the Retinex theory, and the proposed method is faster. Experiments prove the validity of the proposed method.
ISSN:2072-4292
2072-4292
DOI:10.3390/rs11111281