Strategies to enhance photocatalytic activity of graphite carbon nitride-based photocatalysts

[Display omitted] •Basic concepts and modification principles of g-C3N4 were introduced.•Advanced strategies for optimizing g-C3N4 based photocatalysts were summarized.•Challenges and opportunities for further enhancement of the performance of g-C3N4 were described. With the rapid development of pho...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Materials & design 2021-11, Vol.210, p.110040, Article 110040
Main Authors: Huang, Runda, Wu, Jing, Zhang, Menglong, Liu, Baiquan, Zheng, Zhaoqiang, Luo, Dongxiang
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acid treatment
Doping
g-C3N4
Heterojunctions
Photocatalyst
Sensitization
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Summary:[Display omitted] •Basic concepts and modification principles of g-C3N4 were introduced.•Advanced strategies for optimizing g-C3N4 based photocatalysts were summarized.•Challenges and opportunities for further enhancement of the performance of g-C3N4 were described. With the rapid development of photocatalysis field, photocatalysts have received increasing attention due to their important role in environmental pollution and energy crisis. As a nonmetallic polymeric material, graphite carbon nitride (g-C3N4) is rich in sources and its preparation is simple, and thus has been widely used as a visible-light-responsive photocatalyst. In this review, we have summarized the recent progress related to the design, modification, and construction of g-C3N4 based photocatalysts with excellent photocatalytic performances. First, we have described the basic structure and properties of g-C3N4. Thereafter, we have pointed out that the defects of pristine g-C3N4 and illustrated the general design principles for all of modified strategies. Subsequently, we have discussed various strategies to optimize the photocatalytic properties of g-C3N4 in detail, including constructing Z-scheme heterojunctions based on g-C3N4, morphological controlling, metal deposition, ion doping, dye sensitization, quantum dots modification, and acid treatment. Particularly, we have comprehensively explicated the critical factors governing the performance of the photocatalyst and the enhanced photocatalytic mechanisms of each modification strategy with examples. Finally, we have indicated the challenges of photocatalysis technology using g-C3N4 and proposed the opportunities for further development.
ISSN:0264-1275
1873-4197
DOI:10.1016/j.matdes.2021.110040