Narrative Review on Echocardiographic Evaluation of Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Preterm Infants

Persistent Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) is prevalent among extremely preterm infants, with its occurrence inversely related to gestational age. A persistent PDA correlates with increased mortality and morbidities such as intraventricular hemorrhage, pulmonary hemorrhage, chronic lung disease, bron...

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Published in:Journal of cardiovascular development and disease 2024-06, Vol.11 (7), p.199
Main Authors: Singh, Yogen, Chan, Belinda, Noori, Shahab, Ramanathan, Rangasamy
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
clinical diagnosis
Coronary vessels
Doppler effect
echocardiographic evaluation of PDA
Flow velocity
Gestational age
Heart
Hemodynamics
Morphology
Newborn babies
patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
Premature babies
premature infants
preterm infant
Pulmonary arteries
Veins & arteries
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creator Singh, Yogen
Chan, Belinda
Noori, Shahab
Ramanathan, Rangasamy
description Persistent Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) is prevalent among extremely preterm infants, with its occurrence inversely related to gestational age. A persistent PDA correlates with increased mortality and morbidities such as intraventricular hemorrhage, pulmonary hemorrhage, chronic lung disease, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and necrotizing enterocolitis as observed clinically. Conversely, numerous randomized controlled trials have failed to demonstrate significant benefits from PDA treatment. One contributing factor to these conflicting findings is that PDA affects each individual differently depending on the cardiovascular decompensation and its hemodynamic impact. PDA management should be based on the hemodynamic significance, rather than just the presence or size of PDA. This comprehensive narrative review paper describes echocardiographic parameters that allow a better understanding of the hemodynamic impact of PDA. A newer modality, like lung ultrasound, is also described here as an adjunct to assess the PDA impact on the lungs from pulmonary overcirculation.
doi_str_mv 10.3390/jcdd11070199
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subjects clinical diagnosis
Coronary vessels
Doppler effect
echocardiographic evaluation of PDA
Flow velocity
Gestational age
Heart
Hemodynamics
Morphology
Newborn babies
patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
Premature babies
premature infants
preterm infant
Pulmonary arteries
Veins & arteries
title Narrative Review on Echocardiographic Evaluation of Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Preterm Infants
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