Rectal cancer MRI: protocols, signs and future perspectives radiologists should consider in everyday clinical practice

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows to non-invasively evaluate rectal cancer staging and to assess the presence of “prognostic signs” such as the distance from the anorectal junction, the mesorectal fascia infiltration and the extramural vascular invasion. Moreover, MRI plays a crucial role in t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Insights into imaging 2018-08, Vol.9 (4), p.405-412
Main Authors: Delli Pizzi, Andrea, Basilico, Raffaella, Cianci, Roberta, Seccia, Barbara, Timpani, Mauro, Tavoletta, Alessandra, Caposiena, Daniele, Faricelli, Barbara, Gabrielli, Daniela, Caulo, Massimo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cancer
Cancer therapies
Chemo-radiation treatment response
Colorectal cancer
Complete responders
Diagnostic Radiology
Diffusion-weighted imaging
Imaging
Infiltration
Internal Medicine
Interventional Radiology
Locally advanced rectal cancer
Magnetic resonance imaging
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Minimally invasive surgery
Neuroradiology
NMR
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Radiation therapy
Radiology
Review
Ultrasound
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Summary:Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows to non-invasively evaluate rectal cancer staging and to assess the presence of “prognostic signs” such as the distance from the anorectal junction, the mesorectal fascia infiltration and the extramural vascular invasion. Moreover, MRI plays a crucial role in the assessment of treatment response after chemo-radiation therapy, especially considering the growing interest in the new conservative policy (wait and see, minimally invasive surgery). We present a practical overview regarding the state of the art of the MRI protocol, the main signs that radiologists should consider for their reports during their clinical activity and future perspectives. Teaching Points • MRI protocol for rectal cancer staging and re-staging. • MRI findings that radiologists should consider for reports during everyday clinical activity. • Perspectives regarding the development of latest technologies.
ISSN:1869-4101
1869-4101
DOI:10.1007/s13244-018-0606-5