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Parasitic and Vector-Borne Infections in HIV-Positive Patients in Slovakia-Evidence of an Unexpectedly High Occurrence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum
In HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infected people, the immunodeficiency caused by a reduced level of CD4 (cluster of differentiation 4) T-lymphocytes increases the risk of infectious diseases. Additionally, in individuals with immunologically compromising conditions, tick-borne or some parasitic...
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| Published in: | Pathogens (Basel) 2021-11, Vol.10 (12), p.1557 |
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| creator | Šimeková, Katarína Soják, Ľubomír Víchová, Bronislava Balogová, Lenka Jarošová, Júlia Antolová, Daniela |
| description | In HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infected people, the immunodeficiency caused by a reduced level of CD4 (cluster of differentiation 4) T-lymphocytes increases the risk of infectious diseases. Additionally, in individuals with immunologically compromising conditions, tick-borne or some parasitic pathogens may cause chronic, debilitating opportunistic infections and even death. The study aimed at determining the IgG seropositivity of HIV-infected patients to
,
spp.,
, and
s.l. and performing the molecular identification of
and some tick-borne pathogens, namely,
spp.,
spp.,
,
spp., and
spp. Out of 89 HIV-positive patients, specific IgG antibodies to
were detected in 17 (19.1%) and to
spp. in 12 (13.5%) individuals. Seropositivity to
spp.,
and
s.l. was not recorded. Molecular approaches showed positivity to
in two (2.2%) patients, and 11 (12.4%) individuals had positive PCR signal for the
gene of
. Relatively high prevalence of
in HIV-positive patients suggests that these people are more susceptible to some vector-borne pathogens. The presence of opportunistic infections may pose a health risk for patients with weakened immune systems, and should not be neglected during the regular monitoring of the patient's health status. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/pathogens10121557 |
| format | article |
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,
spp.,
, and
s.l. and performing the molecular identification of
and some tick-borne pathogens, namely,
spp.,
spp.,
,
spp., and
spp. Out of 89 HIV-positive patients, specific IgG antibodies to
were detected in 17 (19.1%) and to
spp. in 12 (13.5%) individuals. Seropositivity to
spp.,
and
s.l. was not recorded. Molecular approaches showed positivity to
in two (2.2%) patients, and 11 (12.4%) individuals had positive PCR signal for the
gene of
. Relatively high prevalence of
in HIV-positive patients suggests that these people are more susceptible to some vector-borne pathogens. The presence of opportunistic infections may pose a health risk for patients with weakened immune systems, and should not be neglected during the regular monitoring of the patient's health status.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2076-0817</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2076-0817</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10121557</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34959511</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Acquired immune deficiency syndrome ; AIDS ; Anaplasma phagocytophilum ; Antibodies ; Arachnids ; Blood & organ donations ; Borrelia ; Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato ; CD4 antigen ; CD4 T-lymphocytes ; Health risks ; HIV ; HIV infection ; human granulocytic anaplasmosis ; Human immunodeficiency virus ; Immune system ; Immunoglobulin G ; Infections ; Infectious diseases ; Lymphocytes ; Lymphocytes T ; Msp2 gene ; Opportunist infection ; Parasites ; Parasitic diseases ; Pathogens ; Patients ; Toxocara ; Toxoplasma gondii ; Vector-borne diseases</subject><ispartof>Pathogens (Basel), 2021-11, Vol.10 (12), p.1557</ispartof><rights>2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2021 by the authors. 2021</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c493t-4fd151c46849356958de2825c60d30b59a7eb8fa9e7a93eaa1efcdac652dd7b83</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c493t-4fd151c46849356958de2825c60d30b59a7eb8fa9e7a93eaa1efcdac652dd7b83</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-9358-2163 ; 0000-0002-6538-3044</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2612820073/fulltextPDF?pq-origsite=primo$$EPDF$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2612820073?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,25731,27901,27902,36989,36990,44566,53766,53768,74869</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34959511$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Šimeková, Katarína</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Soják, Ľubomír</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Víchová, Bronislava</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Balogová, Lenka</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jarošová, Júlia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Antolová, Daniela</creatorcontrib><title>Parasitic and Vector-Borne Infections in HIV-Positive Patients in Slovakia-Evidence of an Unexpectedly High Occurrence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum</title><title>Pathogens (Basel)</title><addtitle>Pathogens</addtitle><description>In HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infected people, the immunodeficiency caused by a reduced level of CD4 (cluster of differentiation 4) T-lymphocytes increases the risk of infectious diseases. Additionally, in individuals with immunologically compromising conditions, tick-borne or some parasitic pathogens may cause chronic, debilitating opportunistic infections and even death. The study aimed at determining the IgG seropositivity of HIV-infected patients to
,
spp.,
, and
s.l. and performing the molecular identification of
and some tick-borne pathogens, namely,
spp.,
spp.,
,
spp., and
spp. Out of 89 HIV-positive patients, specific IgG antibodies to
were detected in 17 (19.1%) and to
spp. in 12 (13.5%) individuals. Seropositivity to
spp.,
and
s.l. was not recorded. Molecular approaches showed positivity to
in two (2.2%) patients, and 11 (12.4%) individuals had positive PCR signal for the
gene of
. Relatively high prevalence of
in HIV-positive patients suggests that these people are more susceptible to some vector-borne pathogens. The presence of opportunistic infections may pose a health risk for patients with weakened immune systems, and should not be neglected during the regular monitoring of the patient's health status.</description><subject>Acquired immune deficiency syndrome</subject><subject>AIDS</subject><subject>Anaplasma phagocytophilum</subject><subject>Antibodies</subject><subject>Arachnids</subject><subject>Blood & organ donations</subject><subject>Borrelia</subject><subject>Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato</subject><subject>CD4 antigen</subject><subject>CD4 T-lymphocytes</subject><subject>Health risks</subject><subject>HIV</subject><subject>HIV infection</subject><subject>human granulocytic anaplasmosis</subject><subject>Human immunodeficiency virus</subject><subject>Immune system</subject><subject>Immunoglobulin G</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Infectious diseases</subject><subject>Lymphocytes</subject><subject>Lymphocytes T</subject><subject>Msp2 gene</subject><subject>Opportunist infection</subject><subject>Parasites</subject><subject>Parasitic diseases</subject><subject>Pathogens</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Toxocara</subject><subject>Toxoplasma gondii</subject><subject>Vector-borne diseases</subject><issn>2076-0817</issn><issn>2076-0817</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>PIMPY</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNplksFu3CAQQK2qVRMl-YBeKqReenEDxhhzqZRGaXelSFmpTa5oDHjN1gYX7FX3O_rDZbNJlLRcYODNEzOaLHtH8CdKBT4fYer82rhIMCkIY_xVdlxgXuW4Jvz1s_NRdhbjBqdV4338NjuipWCCEXKc_VlBgGgnqxA4je6MmnzIv_jgDFq6NoXWu4isQ4vlXb7ye3Rr0Aoma9x0__C991v4aSG_2lptnDLIt0mGbp35PSaB0f0OLey6QzdKzSE8IhcOxh7iAGjsYO3VbvJjZ_t5OM3etNBHc_awn2S3X69-XC7y65tvy8uL61yVgk552WrCiCqrOoWsEqzWpqgLpiqsKW6YAG6augVhOAhqAIhplQZVsUJr3tT0JFsevNrDRo7BDhB20oOV9xc-rCWE1JneSJUstCGUN5SVhdICV7gVmGsmCG0VJNfng2ucm8FolZoToH8hffnibCfXfitrjktOeBJ8fBAE_2s2cZKDjcr0PTjj5yiLKhVL6gLjhH74B934ObjUqj1V7BlOE0UOlAo-xmDap88QLPcTJP-boJTz_nkVTxmP80L_Agplxrc</recordid><startdate>20211129</startdate><enddate>20211129</enddate><creator>Šimeková, Katarína</creator><creator>Soják, Ľubomír</creator><creator>Víchová, Bronislava</creator><creator>Balogová, Lenka</creator><creator>Jarošová, Júlia</creator><creator>Antolová, Daniela</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9358-2163</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6538-3044</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20211129</creationdate><title>Parasitic and Vector-Borne Infections in HIV-Positive Patients in Slovakia-Evidence of an Unexpectedly High Occurrence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum</title><author>Šimeková, Katarína ; 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Additionally, in individuals with immunologically compromising conditions, tick-borne or some parasitic pathogens may cause chronic, debilitating opportunistic infections and even death. The study aimed at determining the IgG seropositivity of HIV-infected patients to
,
spp.,
, and
s.l. and performing the molecular identification of
and some tick-borne pathogens, namely,
spp.,
spp.,
,
spp., and
spp. Out of 89 HIV-positive patients, specific IgG antibodies to
were detected in 17 (19.1%) and to
spp. in 12 (13.5%) individuals. Seropositivity to
spp.,
and
s.l. was not recorded. Molecular approaches showed positivity to
in two (2.2%) patients, and 11 (12.4%) individuals had positive PCR signal for the
gene of
. Relatively high prevalence of
in HIV-positive patients suggests that these people are more susceptible to some vector-borne pathogens. The presence of opportunistic infections may pose a health risk for patients with weakened immune systems, and should not be neglected during the regular monitoring of the patient's health status.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>34959511</pmid><doi>10.3390/pathogens10121557</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9358-2163</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6538-3044</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Pathogens (Basel), 2021-11, Vol.10 (12), p.1557 |
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| language | eng |
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| source | Publicly Available Content (ProQuest); PubMed Central |
| subjects | Acquired immune deficiency syndrome AIDS Anaplasma phagocytophilum Antibodies Arachnids Blood & organ donations Borrelia Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato CD4 antigen CD4 T-lymphocytes Health risks HIV HIV infection human granulocytic anaplasmosis Human immunodeficiency virus Immune system Immunoglobulin G Infections Infectious diseases Lymphocytes Lymphocytes T Msp2 gene Opportunist infection Parasites Parasitic diseases Pathogens Patients Toxocara Toxoplasma gondii Vector-borne diseases |
| title | Parasitic and Vector-Borne Infections in HIV-Positive Patients in Slovakia-Evidence of an Unexpectedly High Occurrence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum |
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