Prognostic Value of Magnesium in COVID-19: Findings from the COMEPA Study

Magnesium (Mg) plays a key role in infections. However, its role in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still underexplored, particularly in long-term sequelae. The aim of the present study was to examine the prognostic value of serum Mg levels in older people affected by COVID-19. Patients were...

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Published in:Nutrients 2023-02, Vol.15 (4), p.830
Main Authors: La Carrubba, Anna, Veronese, Nicola, Di Bella, Giovanna, Cusumano, Claudia, Di Prazza, Agnese, Ciriminna, Stefano, Ganci, Antonina, Naro, Liliana, Dominguez, Ligia J, Barbagallo, Mario, On Behalf Of The Comepa Group
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aged
Asthma
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
COMEPA
Complications
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
Female
Health aspects
Hospital Mortality
Hospitals
Humans
Immune system
Infections
Laboratories
Length of stay
Long COVID
Magnesium
Magnesium in the body
Male
Measurement
Medical prognosis
Mental disorders
Mortality
Older people
Physiological aspects
Pneumonia
Post traumatic stress disorder
Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome
Potassium
Prognosis
Psychological stress
Retrospective Studies
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Signs and symptoms
Variables
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Summary:Magnesium (Mg) plays a key role in infections. However, its role in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still underexplored, particularly in long-term sequelae. The aim of the present study was to examine the prognostic value of serum Mg levels in older people affected by COVID-19. Patients were divided into those with serum Mg levels ≤1.96 vs. >1.96 mg/dL, according to the Youden index. A total of 260 participants (mean age 65 years, 53.8% males) had valid Mg measurements. Serum Mg had a good accuracy in predicting in-hospital mortality (area under the curve = 0.83; 95% CI: 0.74-0.91). Low serum Mg at admission significantly predicted in-hospital death (HR = 1.29; 95% CI: 1.03-2.68) after adjusting for several confounders. A value of Mg ≤ 1.96 mg/dL was associated with a longer mean length of stay compared to those with a serum Mg > 1.96 (15.2 vs. 12.7 days). Low serum Mg was associated with a higher incidence of long COVID symptomatology (OR = 2.14; 95% CI: 1.30-4.31), particularly post-traumatic stress disorder (OR = 2.00; 95% CI: 1.24-16.40). In conclusion, low serum Mg levels were significant predictors of mortality, length of stay, and onset of long COVID symptoms, indicating that measuring serum Mg in COVID-19 may be helpful in the prediction of complications related to the disease.
ISSN:2072-6643
2072-6643
DOI:10.3390/nu15040830