Zeolites as Acid/Basic Solid Catalysts: Recent Synthetic Developments

The zeolites are porous solid structures characterized by a particular framework of aluminosilicates, in which the incorporation of the Al+3 ions generates an excess of negative charge compensated by cations (usually alkali or alkali earth) or protons. In the latter case, they are employed as cataly...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Catalysts 2019-03, Vol.9 (3), p.248
Main Authors: Verdoliva, Valentina, Saviano, Michele, De Luca, Stefania
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acids
alkylation
Aluminosilicates
Aluminum
Aluminum silicates
Catalysis
Catalysts
Catalytic activity
Catalytic cracking
Chemical composition
chemical modification
Chemical reactions
Decomposition
Dehydration
glycosidation
Isomerization
Metals
Pore size
solid acid
solid base
Zeolites
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Summary:The zeolites are porous solid structures characterized by a particular framework of aluminosilicates, in which the incorporation of the Al+3 ions generates an excess of negative charge compensated by cations (usually alkali or alkali earth) or protons. In the latter case, they are employed as catalysts for a wide variety of reactions, such as dehydration, skeletal isomerization and cracking, while the catalytic activity of basic zeolites has not found, up to now, any industrial or whatever relevant application in chemical processes. In the present review, we firstly intend to give an overview of the fundamental chemical composition, as well as the structural features of the zeolite framework. The purpose of this paper is to analyze their key properties as acid, both Lewis and Brønsted, and basic solid support. Their application as catalysts is discussed by reviewing the already published works in that field, and a final remark of their still unexplored potential as green, mild, and selective catalyst is also reported.
ISSN:2073-4344
2073-4344
DOI:10.3390/catal9030248