A 512-Ch Dual-Mode Microchip for Simultaneous Measurements of Electrophysiological and Neurochemical Activities

In the study of the brain, large and high-density microelectrode arrays have been widely used to study the behavior of neurotransmission. CMOS technology has facilitated these devices by enabling the integration of high-performance amplifiers directly on-chip. Usually, these large arrays measure onl...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biosensors (Basel) 2023-04, Vol.13 (5), p.502
Main Authors: Mulberry, Geoffrey, White, Kevin A, Crocker, Matthew A, Kim, Brian N
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Action potential
Action Potentials - physiology
Alzheimer's disease
amperometry
Amplifiers
Arrays
Bandwidths
Cell interactions
CMOS
Design
dual-mode amplifier
Electrochemistry
Electrodes
Electrophysiological Phenomena
Electrophysiology
Exocytosis
fast-scan cyclic voltammetry
Integrated circuits
microelectrode array
Microelectrodes
neurochemical recordings
Neurons
Neurons - physiology
Neurotransmission
Neurotransmitter Agents
Neurotransmitter release
Neurotransmitters
Parkinson's disease
Synapses
Transistors
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Summary:In the study of the brain, large and high-density microelectrode arrays have been widely used to study the behavior of neurotransmission. CMOS technology has facilitated these devices by enabling the integration of high-performance amplifiers directly on-chip. Usually, these large arrays measure only the voltage spikes resulting from action potentials traveling along firing neuronal cells. However, at synapses, communication between neurons occurs by the release of neurotransmitters, which cannot be measured on typical CMOS electrophysiology devices. Development of electrochemical amplifiers has resulted in the measurement of neurotransmitter exocytosis down to the level of a single vesicle. To effectively monitor the complete picture of neurotransmission, measurement of both action potentials and neurotransmitter activity is needed. Current efforts have not resulted in a device that is capable of the simultaneous measurement of action potential and neurotransmitter release at the same spatiotemporal resolution needed for a comprehensive study of neurotransmission. In this paper, we present a true dual-mode CMOS device that fully integrates 256-ch electrophysiology amplifiers and 256-ch electrochemical amplifiers, along with an on-chip 512 electrode microelectrode array capable of simultaneous measurement from all 512 channels.
ISSN:2079-6374
2079-6374
DOI:10.3390/bios13050502