Functional foods with a tailored glycemic response based on food matrix and its interactions: Can it be a reality?

Functional foods are considered the future of nutrition because they benefit human health and environmental sustainability. They offer natural solutions for managing post-prandial glycemia and its long-term consequences. Therefore, understanding the composition and inherent dynamics of the functiona...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Food Chemistry: X 2024-06, Vol.22, p.101358, Article 101358
Main Authors: Mondal, Debarati, Awana, Monika, Mandal, Shreya, Pandit, Kangkan, Singh, Archana, Syeunda, Cyprian Omondi, Thandapilly, Sijo Joseph, Krishnan, Veda
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Food formulation
Food matrix dynamics/ interactions
Glycemic response
Gut-microbiome
Review
Starch quality matrix
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Summary:Functional foods are considered the future of nutrition because they benefit human health and environmental sustainability. They offer natural solutions for managing post-prandial glycemia and its long-term consequences. Therefore, understanding the composition and inherent dynamics of the functional food matrix (FM) is crucial. Within the FM, components like proteins, fats, carbohydrates, phenolic compounds, fibres, and minor elements interact dynamically, highlighting how individual components within the system behave. This review highlights the significance of diverse FM interactions in modulating inherent glycemic potential (IGP). These interactions comprise major binary, ternary, quaternary interactions, and minor interactions, in contemporary functional food formulations that include starch-derived additives, biopeptides, and flavouring agents. The starch quality matrix (SQM), a prediction model for customised functional foods with low IGP, has been briefed as a pilot concept. We also investigate the impact of these interactions on gut health, fill in the knowledge gaps, and provide recommendations for further study. •Functional foods with tailored glycemic responses depend on food matrix (FM) composition and interactions.•Binary, ternary, and quaternary FM interactions limit starch digestibility and thus control glycemic amplitude.•Starch quality matrix (SQM) is a predictable tool to assess glycemic potential across agri-sources•Existing lacunas and advanced approaches to functional foods emphasizing FM are highlighted.
ISSN:2590-1575
2590-1575
DOI:10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101358