Bisphenol A Modulates Autophagy and Exacerbates Chronic Kidney Damage in Mice

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences 2021-07, Vol.22 (13), p.7189
• Main Authors: Priego, Alberto Ruiz, Parra, Emilio González, Mas, Sebastián, Morgado-Pascual, José Luis, Ruiz-Ortega, Marta, Rayego-Mateos, Sandra
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Antioxidants; Antioxidants - pharmacology; Apoptosis - drug effects; Autophagy; Autophagy - drug effects; Benzhydryl Compounds - adverse effects; Benzhydryl Compounds - metabolism; Benzhydryl Compounds - pharmacology; Biomarkers; Bisphenol A; Cardiovascular disease; Cell Line; Collagen; Cytokines; Deregulation; Dialyzers; Epithelial cells; Epithelium; Female; Fibrosis; Gene expression; Heme; Heme oxygenase (decyclizing); Hemodialysis; Hepatitis A; Humans; Hypertension; Inflammation; Kidney - metabolism; Kidney - pathology; Kidney diseases; Kidney Diseases - metabolism; Kidney Diseases - physiopathology; Kidney Tubules - drug effects; Kidneys; Male; Metabolism; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microtubule-associated proteins; NADPH dehydrogenase; Nephrectomy; Oxidative stress; Oxidative Stress - drug effects; Oxygenase; Phagocytosis; Phenols - adverse effects; Phenols - metabolism; Phenols - pharmacology; Proteins; Quinones; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - metabolism; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - physiopathology; Toxins
• ISSN: 1422-0067; 1661-6596; 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137189

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a ubiquitous environmental toxin that accumulates in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Our aim was to explore the effect of chronic exposition of BPA in healthy and injured kidney investigating potential mechanisms involved. In C57Bl/6 mice, administration of BPA (120 mg/kg/day, i.p for 5 days/week) was done for 2 and 5 weeks. To study BPA effect on CKD, a model of subtotal nephrectomy (SNX) combined with BPA administration for 5 weeks was employed. In vitro studies were done in human proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2 line). Chronic BPA administration to healthy mice induces inflammatory infiltration in the kidney, tubular injury and renal fibrosis (assessed by increased collagen deposition). Moreover, in SNX mice BPA exposure exacerbates renal lesions, including overexpression of the tubular damage biomarker Hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 1 ( /KIM-1). BPA upregulated several proinflammatory genes and increased the antioxidant response [Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 ( ), Heme Oxygenase-1 ( ) and NAD(P)H dehydrogenase quinone 1 ( )] both in healthy and SNX mice. The autophagy process was modulated by BPA, through elevated autophagy-related gene 5 ( autophagy-related gene 7 ( and gene levels and blockaded the autophagosome maturation and flux (p62 levels). This autophagy deregulation was confirmed in vitro. BPA deregulates autophagy flux and redox protective mechanisms, suggesting a potential mechanism of BPA deleterious effects in the kidney.