Indirect Calorimetry: From Bench to Bedside

Accurate determination of energy expenditure (EE) is vitally important yet often neglected in clinical practice. Indirect calorimetry (IC) provides one of the most sensitive, accurate, and noninvasive measurements of EE in an individual. Over the last couple of decades, this technique has been appli...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolism 2017-07, Vol.21 (4), p.594-599
Main Authors: Gupta, Riddhi Das, Ramachandran, Roshna, Venkatesan, Padmanaban, Anoop, Shajith, Joseph, Mini, Thomas, Nihal
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analysis
Body temperature
Calorimetry
Carbon dioxide
Diabetes
Diet
Endocrinology
Energy expenditure
Exercise
Fatty acids
Health aspects
Heat
indirect
Meals
Metabolism
Nutrition
Nutritional requirements
Obesity
Oils & fats
Physical fitness
Respiration
Review
Thermogenesis
Weight control
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Summary:Accurate determination of energy expenditure (EE) is vitally important yet often neglected in clinical practice. Indirect calorimetry (IC) provides one of the most sensitive, accurate, and noninvasive measurements of EE in an individual. Over the last couple of decades, this technique has been applied to clinical circumstances such as acute illness and parenteral nutrition. Beyond assessing the nutritional needs, it has also shed light on various aspects of nutrient assimilation, thermogenesis, the energetics of physical exercise, and the pathogenesis of obesity and diabetes. However, because of little or no experience with IC provided during medical education, the benefits of IC are poorly appreciated. Newer technology, cost-effectiveness, and a better understanding of how to interpret measurements should lead to more frequent use of IC. This review focuses on the physicochemical background of IC, the various indications for use, techniques and instruments, potential pitfalls in measurement, and the recent advances in technology that has adapted the technique to long-term studies in humans.
ISSN:2230-8210
2230-9500
DOI:10.4103/ijem.IJEM_484_16