Morphoregulatory functions of the RNA-binding motif protein 3 in cell spreading, polarity and migration

RNA-binding proteins are emerging as key regulators of transitions in cell morphology. The RNA-binding motif protein 3 (RBM3) is a cold-inducible RNA-binding protein with broadly relevant roles in cellular protection, and putative functions in cancer and development. Several findings suggest that RB...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Scientific reports 2018-05, Vol.8 (1), p.7367-19, Article 7367
Main Authors: Pilotte, J., Kiosses, W., Chan, S. W., Makarenkova, H. P., Dupont-Versteegden, E., Vanderklish, P. W.
Format: Article
Language:English
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Cancer
Cell migration
Cell morphology
Cell spreading
Cytology
Filopodia
Humanities and Social Sciences
Mesenchyme
Metastases
multidisciplinary
Myoblasts
Polarity
Proteins
Rho-associated kinase
RhoA protein
Ribonucleic acid
RNA
RNA-binding protein
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
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Summary:RNA-binding proteins are emerging as key regulators of transitions in cell morphology. The RNA-binding motif protein 3 (RBM3) is a cold-inducible RNA-binding protein with broadly relevant roles in cellular protection, and putative functions in cancer and development. Several findings suggest that RBM3 has morphoregulatory functions germane to its roles in these contexts. For example, RBM3 helps maintain the morphological integrity of cell protrusions during cell stress and disease. Moreover, it is highly expressed in migrating neurons of the developing brain and in cancer invadopodia, suggesting roles in migration. We here show that RBM3 regulates cell polarity, spreading and migration. RBM3 was present in spreading initiation centers, filopodia and blebs that formed during cell spreading in cell lines and primary myoblasts. Reducing RBM3 triggered exaggerated spreading, increased RhoA expression, and a loss of polarity that was rescued by Rho kinase inhibition and overexpression of CRMP2. High RBM3 expression enhanced the motility of cells migrating by a mesenchymal mode involving extension of long protrusions, whereas RBM3 knockdown slowed migration, greatly reducing the ability of cells to extend protrusions and impairing multiple processes that require directional migration. These data establish novel functions of RBM3 of potential significance to tissue repair, metastasis and development.
ISSN:2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/s41598-018-25668-2