Resveratrol Protects Cardiac Tissue in Experimental Malignant Hypertension Due to Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anti-Apoptotic Properties

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences 2021-05, Vol.22 (9), p.5006
• Main Authors: Grujić-Milanović, Jelica, Jaćević, Vesna, Miloradović, Zoran, Jovović, Djurdjica, Milosavljević, Ivica, Milanović, Sladjan D, Mihailović-Stanojević, Nevena
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents - pharmacology; Anti-Inflammatory Agents - therapeutic use; Antioxidants; Antioxidants - therapeutic use; Apoptosis; Apoptosis - drug effects; bcl-2-Associated X Protein - metabolism; Blood pressure; Body Weight - drug effects; Cardiotonic Agents - pharmacology; Cardiotonic Agents - therapeutic use; Cardiovascular diseases; Enzymes; Female; Heart; Heart Ventricles - drug effects; Heart Ventricles - pathology; Heart Ventricles - physiopathology; Hemodynamics - drug effects; Hypertension; Hypertension, Malignant - drug therapy; Hypertension, Malignant - enzymology; Hypertension, Malignant - pathology; Hypertension, Malignant - physiopathology; Immunohistochemistry; Inflammation; Inflammation - complications; Inflammation - drug therapy; Lipid peroxidation; Lipids; Medical prognosis; Mortality; Myocardium - pathology; Myocytes; Neutrophils; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester - chemistry; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester - pharmacology; Organ Size - drug effects; Oxidation; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative stress; Polyphenols; Pressure effects; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Resveratrol; Resveratrol - chemistry; Resveratrol - pharmacology; Resveratrol - therapeutic use; Smooth muscle; spontaneously and malignant hypertension; Structure-function relationships; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances - metabolism
• ISSN: 1422-0067; 1661-6596; 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms22095006

Hypertension is one of the most prevalent and powerful contributors of cardiovascular diseases. Malignant hypertension is a relatively rare but extremely severe form of hypertension accompanied with heart, brain, and renal impairment. Resveratrol, a recently described grape-derived, polyphenolic antioxidant molecule, has been proposed as an effective agent in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. This study was designed to examine chronic resveratrol administration on blood pressure, oxidative stress, and inflammation, with special emphasis on cardiac structure and function in two models of experimental hypertension. The experiments were performed in spontaneously (SHRs) and malignantly hypertensive rats (MHRs). The chronic administration of resveratrol significantly decreased blood pressure in both spontaneously and malignant hypertensive animals. The resveratrol treatment ameliorated morphological changes in the heart tissue. The immunohistochemistry of the heart tissue after resveratrol treatment showed that both TGF-β and Bax were not present in the myocytes of SHRs and were present mainly in the myocytes of MHRs. Resveratrol suppressed lipid peroxidation and significantly improved oxidative status and release of NO. These results suggest that resveratrol prevents hypertrophic and apoptotic consequences induced by high blood pressure with more pronounced effects in malignant hypertension.