Improvements in Gene Editing Technology Boost Its Applications in Livestock

Accelerated development of novel CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing techniques provides a feasible approach to introduce a variety of precise modifications in the mammalian genome, including introduction of multiple edits simultaneously, efficient insertion of long DNA sequences into specific targeted...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Frontiers in genetics 2021-01, Vol.11, p.614688-614688
Main Authors: Perisse, Iuri Viotti, Fan, Zhiqiang, Singina, Galina N, White, Kenneth L, Polejaeva, Irina A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
agriculture
animal models
CRISPR/Cas9
gene editing
Genetics
livestock
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Summary:Accelerated development of novel CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing techniques provides a feasible approach to introduce a variety of precise modifications in the mammalian genome, including introduction of multiple edits simultaneously, efficient insertion of long DNA sequences into specific targeted loci as well as performing nucleotide transitions and transversions. Thus, the CRISPR/Cas9 tool has become the method of choice for introducing genome alterations in livestock species. The list of new CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing tools is constantly expanding. Here, we discuss the methods developed to improve efficiency and specificity of gene editing tools as well as approaches that can be employed for gene regulation, base editing, and epigenetic modifications. Additionally, advantages and disadvantages of two primary methods used for the production of gene-edited farm animals: somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT or cloning) and zygote manipulations will be discussed. Furthermore, we will review agricultural and biomedical applications of gene editing technology.
ISSN:1664-8021
1664-8021
DOI:10.3389/fgene.2020.614688