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A potential antifungal bioproduct for Microsporum canis: Bee venom
Natural treatment options for Microsporum canis dermatophytosis are being explored because of resistance to several antifungal medications. In this study, the potential antifungal effect of bee venom (BV), a natural antimicrobial agent, on M. canis was investigated. The antifungal effects of BV, flu...
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| Published in: | Onderstepoort journal of veterinary research 2024-12, Vol.91 (1), p.e1-e6 |
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| container_title | Onderstepoort journal of veterinary research |
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| creator | Ütük, Armağan E Güven Gökmen, Tülin Yazgan, Hatice Eşki, Funda Turut, Nevin Karahan, Şifa Kıvrak, İbrahim Sevin, Sedat Sezer, Osman |
| description | Natural treatment options for Microsporum canis dermatophytosis are being explored because of resistance to several antifungal medications. In this study, the potential antifungal effect of bee venom (BV), a natural antimicrobial agent, on M. canis was investigated. The antifungal effects of BV, fluconazole, itraconazole, amphotericin B and terbinafine were evaluated by the macrodilution method at various concentrations by modifying the microdilution method recommended by the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. All isolates were observed to be susceptible to terbinafine and fully resistant to fluconazole and amphotericin B. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) values of M. canis isolate 2 (Mc2) were determined as 8 µg/mL for itraconazole. The MIC and MFC values of BV were found to be 320 µg/mL for the Mc2 isolate and 640 µg/mL for the Mc6 isolate. The results showed that the isolates obtained from clinical samples in this study were highly resistant to all antifungal agents, except terbinafine. The increase in resistance indicates that antifungal drugs will become insufficient and ineffective over time and natural products such as BV should be evaluated as alternatives.Contribution: Although there are many drugs for the treatment of M. canis, the increase in resistance to antifungal agents reveals the need for the identification and development of new natural agents. Bee venom, which has been shown to have a safe and weak allergenic effect in various studies, can be tested for usability as a local antifungal drug when supported by in vivo studies. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.4102/ojvr.v91i1.2191 |
| format | article |
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In this study, the potential antifungal effect of bee venom (BV), a natural antimicrobial agent, on M. canis was investigated. The antifungal effects of BV, fluconazole, itraconazole, amphotericin B and terbinafine were evaluated by the macrodilution method at various concentrations by modifying the microdilution method recommended by the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. All isolates were observed to be susceptible to terbinafine and fully resistant to fluconazole and amphotericin B. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) values of M. canis isolate 2 (Mc2) were determined as 8 µg/mL for itraconazole. The MIC and MFC values of BV were found to be 320 µg/mL for the Mc2 isolate and 640 µg/mL for the Mc6 isolate. The results showed that the isolates obtained from clinical samples in this study were highly resistant to all antifungal agents, except terbinafine. The increase in resistance indicates that antifungal drugs will become insufficient and ineffective over time and natural products such as BV should be evaluated as alternatives.Contribution: Although there are many drugs for the treatment of M. canis, the increase in resistance to antifungal agents reveals the need for the identification and development of new natural agents. Bee venom, which has been shown to have a safe and weak allergenic effect in various studies, can be tested for usability as a local antifungal drug when supported by in vivo studies.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0030-2465</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 2219-0635</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2219-0635</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.4102/ojvr.v91i1.2191</identifier><identifier>PMID: 39692341</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>South Africa: AOSIS (Pty) Ltd</publisher><subject>Amphotericin B ; Amphotericin B - pharmacology ; Animals ; Antifungal activity ; Antifungal agents ; Antifungal Agents - pharmacology ; Antimicrobial agents ; bee venom ; Bee Venoms - pharmacology ; bioproduct ; broth dilution method ; Dermatomycoses - drug therapy ; Dermatomycoses - microbiology ; Dermatomycoses - veterinary ; Dermatomycosis ; Dog Diseases - drug therapy ; Dog Diseases - microbiology ; Dogs ; Drug development ; Drug resistance ; Drug Resistance, Fungal ; Drugs ; Fluconazole ; Fluconazole - pharmacology ; Fungal infections ; Itraconazole ; Itraconazole - pharmacology ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Microsporum - drug effects ; Microsporum canis ; Minimum inhibitory concentration ; Natural products ; Terbinafine ; Terbinafine - pharmacology ; Toxicity ; Venom ; Zoonoses</subject><ispartof>Onderstepoort journal of veterinary research, 2024-12, Vol.91 (1), p.e1-e6</ispartof><rights>2024. This work is published under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/3146425503/fulltextPDF?pq-origsite=primo$$EPDF$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/3146425503?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,25753,27924,27925,37012,37013,44590,75126</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39692341$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ütük, Armağan E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Güven Gökmen, Tülin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yazgan, Hatice</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Eşki, Funda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Turut, Nevin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Karahan, Şifa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kıvrak, İbrahim</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sevin, Sedat</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sezer, Osman</creatorcontrib><title>A potential antifungal bioproduct for Microsporum canis: Bee venom</title><title>Onderstepoort journal of veterinary research</title><addtitle>Onderstepoort J Vet Res</addtitle><description>Natural treatment options for Microsporum canis dermatophytosis are being explored because of resistance to several antifungal medications. In this study, the potential antifungal effect of bee venom (BV), a natural antimicrobial agent, on M. canis was investigated. The antifungal effects of BV, fluconazole, itraconazole, amphotericin B and terbinafine were evaluated by the macrodilution method at various concentrations by modifying the microdilution method recommended by the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. All isolates were observed to be susceptible to terbinafine and fully resistant to fluconazole and amphotericin B. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) values of M. canis isolate 2 (Mc2) were determined as 8 µg/mL for itraconazole. The MIC and MFC values of BV were found to be 320 µg/mL for the Mc2 isolate and 640 µg/mL for the Mc6 isolate. The results showed that the isolates obtained from clinical samples in this study were highly resistant to all antifungal agents, except terbinafine. The increase in resistance indicates that antifungal drugs will become insufficient and ineffective over time and natural products such as BV should be evaluated as alternatives.Contribution: Although there are many drugs for the treatment of M. canis, the increase in resistance to antifungal agents reveals the need for the identification and development of new natural agents. Bee venom, which has been shown to have a safe and weak allergenic effect in various studies, can be tested for usability as a local antifungal drug when supported by in vivo studies.</description><subject>Amphotericin B</subject><subject>Amphotericin B - pharmacology</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Antifungal activity</subject><subject>Antifungal agents</subject><subject>Antifungal Agents - pharmacology</subject><subject>Antimicrobial agents</subject><subject>bee venom</subject><subject>Bee Venoms - pharmacology</subject><subject>bioproduct</subject><subject>broth dilution method</subject><subject>Dermatomycoses - drug therapy</subject><subject>Dermatomycoses - microbiology</subject><subject>Dermatomycoses - veterinary</subject><subject>Dermatomycosis</subject><subject>Dog Diseases - drug therapy</subject><subject>Dog Diseases - microbiology</subject><subject>Dogs</subject><subject>Drug development</subject><subject>Drug resistance</subject><subject>Drug Resistance, Fungal</subject><subject>Drugs</subject><subject>Fluconazole</subject><subject>Fluconazole - 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Academic</collection><collection>Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>Onderstepoort journal of veterinary research</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ütük, Armağan E</au><au>Güven Gökmen, Tülin</au><au>Yazgan, Hatice</au><au>Eşki, Funda</au><au>Turut, Nevin</au><au>Karahan, Şifa</au><au>Kıvrak, İbrahim</au><au>Sevin, Sedat</au><au>Sezer, Osman</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>A potential antifungal bioproduct for Microsporum canis: Bee venom</atitle><jtitle>Onderstepoort journal of veterinary research</jtitle><addtitle>Onderstepoort J Vet Res</addtitle><date>2024-12-17</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>91</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>e1</spage><epage>e6</epage><pages>e1-e6</pages><issn>0030-2465</issn><issn>2219-0635</issn><eissn>2219-0635</eissn><abstract>Natural treatment options for Microsporum canis dermatophytosis are being explored because of resistance to several antifungal medications. In this study, the potential antifungal effect of bee venom (BV), a natural antimicrobial agent, on M. canis was investigated. The antifungal effects of BV, fluconazole, itraconazole, amphotericin B and terbinafine were evaluated by the macrodilution method at various concentrations by modifying the microdilution method recommended by the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. All isolates were observed to be susceptible to terbinafine and fully resistant to fluconazole and amphotericin B. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) values of M. canis isolate 2 (Mc2) were determined as 8 µg/mL for itraconazole. The MIC and MFC values of BV were found to be 320 µg/mL for the Mc2 isolate and 640 µg/mL for the Mc6 isolate. The results showed that the isolates obtained from clinical samples in this study were highly resistant to all antifungal agents, except terbinafine. The increase in resistance indicates that antifungal drugs will become insufficient and ineffective over time and natural products such as BV should be evaluated as alternatives.Contribution: Although there are many drugs for the treatment of M. canis, the increase in resistance to antifungal agents reveals the need for the identification and development of new natural agents. Bee venom, which has been shown to have a safe and weak allergenic effect in various studies, can be tested for usability as a local antifungal drug when supported by in vivo studies.</abstract><cop>South Africa</cop><pub>AOSIS (Pty) Ltd</pub><pmid>39692341</pmid><doi>10.4102/ojvr.v91i1.2191</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Amphotericin B Amphotericin B - pharmacology Animals Antifungal activity Antifungal agents Antifungal Agents - pharmacology Antimicrobial agents bee venom Bee Venoms - pharmacology bioproduct broth dilution method Dermatomycoses - drug therapy Dermatomycoses - microbiology Dermatomycoses - veterinary Dermatomycosis Dog Diseases - drug therapy Dog Diseases - microbiology Dogs Drug development Drug resistance Drug Resistance, Fungal Drugs Fluconazole Fluconazole - pharmacology Fungal infections Itraconazole Itraconazole - pharmacology Microbial Sensitivity Tests Microsporum - drug effects Microsporum canis Minimum inhibitory concentration Natural products Terbinafine Terbinafine - pharmacology Toxicity Venom Zoonoses |
| title | A potential antifungal bioproduct for Microsporum canis: Bee venom |
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