Bacteriophage P22 Capsid as a Pluripotent Nanotechnology Tool

The bacteriophage P22 is one of the most promising models for the development of virus-like particle (VLP) nanocages. It possesses an icosahedral T = 7 capsid, assembled by the combination of two structural proteins: the coat protein (gp5) and the scaffold protein (gp8). The P22 capsid has the remar...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Viruses 2023-02, Vol.15 (2), p.516
Main Authors: Essus, Victor Alejandro, Souza Júnior, Getúlio Silva E, Nunes, Gabriel Henrique Pereira, Oliveira, Juliana Dos Santos, de Faria, Bruna Mafra, Romão, Luciana Ferreira, Cortines, Juliana Reis
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bacteria
Bacteriophage P22
Bacteriophages
Capsid
Capsid Proteins - genetics
Cell Nucleus
Chemical properties
Coat protein
Drug delivery systems
Drug resistance
Drugs
Internalization
Morphogenesis
nanoparticle
Nanoparticles
Nanotechnology
Phages
Pharmaceutical research
Pluripotency
protein cage
Proteins
Review
Structural proteins
Structure
Vehicles
Viral proteins
Viroids
Virus-like particles
Viruses
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Summary:The bacteriophage P22 is one of the most promising models for the development of virus-like particle (VLP) nanocages. It possesses an icosahedral T = 7 capsid, assembled by the combination of two structural proteins: the coat protein (gp5) and the scaffold protein (gp8). The P22 capsid has the remarkable capability of undergoing structural transition into three morphologies with differing diameters and wall-pore sizes. These varied morphologies can be explored for the design of nanoplatforms, such as for the development of cargo internalization strategies. The capsid proteic nature allows for the extensive modification of its structure, enabling the addition of non-native structures to alter the VLP properties or confer them to diverse ends. Various molecules were added to the P22 VLP through genetic, chemical, and other means to both the capsid and the scaffold protein, permitting the encapsulation or the presentation of cargo. This allows the particle to be exploited for numerous purposes-for example, as a nanocarrier, nanoreactor, and vaccine model, among other applications. Therefore, the present review intends to give an overview of the literature on this amazing particle.
ISSN:1999-4915
1999-4915
DOI:10.3390/v15020516