Complete transition from mantle plume to mantle exhumation on the Central Atlantic Guyana/Suriname margin

Modern data are clarifying tectonic transitions from continents to oceans. The importance of magmatic additions relative to mechanical extension varies between cases and through time based on observations of isolated margins and ridges. Magma poor spreading centers and magma rich continental margins...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Communications earth & environment 2024-12, Vol.5 (1), p.112-13, Article 112
Main Authors: Kilsdonk, Bill, Trude, James, Grow, Tim, Ott, Bryan, Manatschal, Gianreto
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Continental margins
Evolution
Hot spots (geology)
Jurassic
Magma
Ocean floor
Oceanic crust
Oceans
Spreading
Tectonics
Volcanic activity
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Summary:Modern data are clarifying tectonic transitions from continents to oceans. The importance of magmatic additions relative to mechanical extension varies between cases and through time based on observations of isolated margins and ridges. Magma poor spreading centers and magma rich continental margins are both well known. Here we present data to document the complete and continuous evolution from a magma rich Central Atlantic margin to a magma-starved ocean floor. Tectonic changes correlate with separation rate changes. Early Jurassic hotspot volcanism initially overwhelmed slow extension to build the Demerara Plateau at the eastern edge of the margin, but hotspot activity waned near the end of the Middle Jurassic. Normal spreading rates and normal thickness oceanic crust prevailed through most of the Oxfordian. Spreading slowed in the Kimmeridgian but magmatic addition slowed even more, evidenced by normal faults that offset the full oceanic crust and by outboard exhumed mantle.
ISSN:2662-4435
2662-4435
DOI:10.1038/s43247-024-01265-2