Arctic amplification under global warming of 1.5 and 2 °C in NorESM1-Happi

• Published in: Earth system dynamics 2019-09, Vol.10 (3), p.569-598
• Main Authors: Graff, Lise S, Iversen, Trond, Bethke, Ingo, Debernard, Jens B, Seland, Øyvind, Bentsen, Mats, Kirkevåg, Alf, Li, Camille, Olivié, Dirk J. L
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Air pollution; Amplification; Arctic sea ice; Atmospheric models; Biomagnification; Climate; Climate change; Climate models; Computer simulation; Earth; Environmental aspects; Equator; Experiments; Global temperature changes; Global warming; Ice; Ice cover; Ice environments; Ice models; Intercomparison; Observations; Ocean models; Oceans; Polar environments; Sea ice; Sea ice models; Sea ice temperatures; Sea surface; Sea surface temperature; Storm tracks; Storms; Surface temperature; Temperature gradients
• ISSN: 2190-4987; 2190-4979; 2190-4987
• DOI: 10.5194/esd-10-569-2019

Differences between a 1.5 and 2.0 .sup." C warmer climate than 1850 pre-industrial conditions are investigated using a suite of uncoupled (Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project; AMIP), fully coupled, and slab-ocean experiments performed with Norwegian Earth System Model (NorESM1)-Happi, an upgraded version of NorESM1-M. The data from the AMIP-type runs with prescribed sea-surface temperatures (SSTs) and sea ice were provided to a model intercomparison project (HAPPI - Half a degree Additional warming, Prognosis and Projected Impacts; http://www.happimip.org/, last access date: 14 September 2019). This paper compares the AMIP results to those from the fully coupled version and the slab-ocean version of the model (NorESM1-HappiSO) in which SST and sea ice are allowed to respond to the warming, focusing on Arctic amplification of the global change signal.