Host-microbiome interactions in distinct subsets of preterm labor and birth

Preterm birth, the leading cause of perinatal morbidity, often follows premature labor, a syndrome whose prevention remains a challenge. To better understand the relationship between premature labor and host-microbiome interactions, we conducted a mechanistic investigation using three preterm birth...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:iScience 2023-12, Vol.26 (12), p.108341, Article 108341
Main Authors: Galaz, Jose, Romero, Roberto, Greenberg, Jonathan M., Theis, Kevin R., Arenas-Hernandez, Marcia, Xu, Yi, Farias-Jofre, Marcelo, Miller, Derek, Kanninen, Tomi, Garcia-Flores, Valeria, Gomez-Lopez, Nardhy
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cell
Microbiome
Women's health
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Summary:Preterm birth, the leading cause of perinatal morbidity, often follows premature labor, a syndrome whose prevention remains a challenge. To better understand the relationship between premature labor and host-microbiome interactions, we conducted a mechanistic investigation using three preterm birth models. We report that intra-amniotic delivery of LPS triggers inflammatory responses in the amniotic cavity and cervico-vaginal microenvironment, causing vaginal microbiome changes and signs of active labor. Intra-amniotic IL-1α delivery causes a moderate inflammatory response in the amniotic cavity but increasing inflammation in the cervico-vaginal space, leading to vaginal microbiome disruption and signs of active labor. Conversely, progesterone action blockade by RU-486 triggers local immune responses accompanying signs of active labor without altering the vaginal microbiome. Preterm labor facilitates ascension of cervico-vaginal bacteria into the amniotic cavity, regardless of stimulus. This study provides compelling mechanistic insights into the dynamic host-microbiome interactions within the cervico-vaginal microenvironment that accompany premature labor and birth. [Display omitted] •Different preterm birth subsets display distinct host-microbiome profiles•Intra-amniotic IL-1α and LPS induce inflammation and disrupt the vaginal microbiome•RU-486 triggers local immune responses without altering the vaginal microbiome•Preterm labor permits bacterial ascension from the vagina into the amniotic cavity Women’s health; Microbiome; Cell
ISSN:2589-0042
2589-0042
DOI:10.1016/j.isci.2023.108341