Supersonic gas jet stabilization in laser–plasma acceleration

Supersonic gas jets generated via a conical nozzle are widely applied in the laser wakefield acceleration of electrons. The stability of the gas jet is critical to the electron injection and the reproducibility of the wakefield acceleration. Here we discussed the role of the stilling chamber in a mo...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:High power laser science and engineering 2023-01, Vol.11, Article e91
Main Authors: Lei, Zhen-Zhe, Gu, Yan-Jun, Jin, Zhan, Sato, Shingo, Zhidkov, Alexei, Rondepierre, Alexandre, Huang, Kai, Nakanii, Nobuhiko, Daito, Izuru, Kando, Masakai, Hosokai, Tomonao
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Chambers
Conical nozzles
Dynamic stability
Electrons
Energy
Finite volume method
Fluid dynamics
Fluid flow
Gas flow
Gas jets
hydrodynamic stability
laser wakefield acceleration
Lasers
laser–plasma interaction
Mach-Zehnder interferometers
Plasma acceleration
Radiation
Reproducibility
shock injection
Simulation
Turbulence
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Summary:Supersonic gas jets generated via a conical nozzle are widely applied in the laser wakefield acceleration of electrons. The stability of the gas jet is critical to the electron injection and the reproducibility of the wakefield acceleration. Here we discussed the role of the stilling chamber in a modified converging–diverging nozzle to dissipate the turbulence and to stabilize the gas jets. By the fluid dynamics simulations and the Mach–Zehnder interferometer measurements, the instability originating from the nonlinear turbulence is studied and the mechanism to suppress the instability is proposed. Both the numerical and experimental results prove that the carefully designed nozzle with a stilling chamber is able to reduce the perturbation by more than 10% compared with a simple-conical nozzle.
ISSN:2095-4719
2052-3289
DOI:10.1017/hpl.2023.82