Optimizing AVR system performance via a novel cascaded RPIDD2-FOPI controller and QWGBO approach

• Published in: PloS one 2024-05, Vol.19 (5), p.e0299009-e0299009
• Main Authors: Ekinci, Serdar, Snášel, Václav, Rizk-Allah, Rizk M, Izci, Davut, Salman, Mohammad, Youssef, Ahmed A F
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adaptability; Algorithms; Biology and Life Sciences; Comparative analysis; Competition; Computer and Information Sciences; Control methods; Controllers; Design; Earth Sciences; Effectiveness; Electric Power Supplies; Engineering and Technology; Interpolation; Mutation; Nonparametric statistics; Optimization; Optimization algorithms; Optimization techniques; Physical Sciences; Proportional integral derivative; Research and Analysis Methods; Robust control; System reliability; Systems stability; Voltage; Voltage regulators
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299009

Maintaining stable voltage levels is essential for power systems' efficiency and reliability. Voltage fluctuations during load changes can lead to equipment damage and costly disruptions. Automatic voltage regulators (AVRs) are traditionally used to address this issue, regulating generator terminal voltage. Despite progress in control methodologies, challenges persist, including robustness and response time limitations. Therefore, this study introduces a novel approach to AVR control, aiming to enhance robustness and efficiency. A custom optimizer, the quadratic wavelet-enhanced gradient-based optimization (QWGBO) algorithm, is developed. QWGBO refines the gradient-based optimization (GBO) by introducing exploration and exploitation improvements. The algorithm integrates quadratic interpolation mutation and wavelet mutation strategy to enhance search efficiency. Extensive tests using benchmark functions demonstrate the QWGBO's effectiveness in optimization. Comparative assessments against existing optimization algorithms and recent techniques confirm QWGBO's superior performance. In AVR control, QWGBO is coupled with a cascaded real proportional-integral-derivative with second order derivative (RPIDD2) and fractional-order proportional-integral (FOPI) controller, aiming for precision, stability, and quick response. The algorithm's performance is verified through rigorous simulations, emphasizing its effectiveness in optimizing complex engineering problems. Comparative analyses highlight QWGBO's superiority over existing algorithms, positioning it as a promising solution for optimizing power system control and contributing to the advancement of robust and efficient power systems.