Oral Mesenchymal Stem/Progenitor Cells: The Immunomodulatory Masters

Oral mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (MSCs) are renowned in the field of tissue engineering/regeneration for their multilineage differentiation potential and easy acquisition. These cells encompass the periodontal ligament stem/progenitor cells (PDLSCs), the dental pulp stem/progenitor cells (DPSC...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Stem cells international 2020, Vol.2020 (2020), p.1-16
Main Authors: Dörfer, Christof E., Sun, Wei-lian, Wu, Yan-min, Liu, Wei, Zhou, Li-li, Fawzy El-Sayed, Karim M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alveolar bone
B cells
Bone marrow
Chemokines
Cysts
Cytokines
Dental pulp
Immune system
Immunology
Immunomodulation
Inflammation
Mesenchyme
Osteoprogenitor cells
Periodontal ligament
Periodontitis
Progenitor cells
Regeneration
Review
Stem cells
Teeth
Tissue engineering
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
Type 2 diabetes
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Summary:Oral mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (MSCs) are renowned in the field of tissue engineering/regeneration for their multilineage differentiation potential and easy acquisition. These cells encompass the periodontal ligament stem/progenitor cells (PDLSCs), the dental pulp stem/progenitor cells (DPSCs), the stem/progenitor cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED), the gingival mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (GMSCs), the stem/progenitor cells from the apical papilla (SCAP), the dental follicle stem/progenitor cells (DFSCs), the bone marrow mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (BM-MSCs) from the alveolar bone proper, and the human periapical cyst-mesenchymal stem cells (hPCy-MSCs). Apart from their remarkable regenerative potential, oral MSCs possess the capacity to interact with an inflammatory microenvironment. Although inflammation might affect the properties of oral MSCs, they could inversely exert a multitude of immunological actions to the local inflammatory microenvironment. The present review discusses the current understanding about the immunomodulatory role of oral MSCs both in periodontitis and systemic diseases, their “double-edged sword” uniqueness in inflammatory regulation, their affection of the immune system, and the underlying mechanisms, involving oral MSC-derived extracellular vesicles.
ISSN:1687-966X
1687-9678
1687-9678
DOI:10.1155/2020/1327405