The use of four-pillar regimen for heart failure management: results from the Jordanian Heart Failure Registry (JoHFR)

• Published in: PeerJ (San Francisco, CA) CA), 2024-11, Vol.12, p.e18464, Article e18464
• Main Authors: Izraiq, Mahmoud, Jammal, Mustafa, Toubasi, Ahmad A, Mari, Sae'ed, AlNajafi, Sarah, Al-Qadasi, Ayad, Al Maharmeh, Khaled, Almansour, Maha, Saleh, Soadad, Ahmed, Yaman, Abu-Hantash, Hadi
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists - therapeutic use; Aged; Analysis; Angiotensin; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists - therapeutic use; Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors - therapeutic use; Cardiology; Cardiovascular diseases; Care and treatment; Congestive heart failure; Dapagliflozin; Data collection; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent); Ejection fraction; Family medical history; Female; Glomerular filtration rate; Glucose transporter; Guidelines; Heart diseases; Heart failure; Heart Failure - drug therapy; Heart Failure - mortality; Hemoglobin; High density lipoprotein; Humans; Hypertension; Jordan; Jordan - epidemiology; Length of stay; Male; Medical colleges; Medical records; Middle Aged; Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists - therapeutic use; Mineralocorticoid receptors; Mortality; Neprilysin; Patients; Peptidyl-dipeptidase A; Pillars; Registries; Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors - therapeutic use; Ultrasonic imaging; Variables
• ISSN: 2167-8359; 2167-8359
• DOI: 10.7717/peerj.18464

Heart failure (HF) is a complex cardiovascular disease. Effective management typically involves four main medications: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers, beta-blockers, angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors, and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, along with sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i). The primary objective of this article is to assess and identify the utilization of four-pillar regimen for HF managment and explore the characteristics of the patients being on the four-pillar regimen in Jordan. Data from the Jordanian HF registry (JoHFR) was analyzed, encompassing records of HF patients treated in various cardiology centers from 2021 to 2023. The medical records of 2,151 patients with HF who were admitted to cardiology centers throughout Jordan were collected. Males comprised 58.0% of the included patients. Moreover, 71.0% of patients had chronic HF, whereas the rest, 29.0%, had acute HF. Of these, only 0.6% received the complete four-pillar treatment of HF. Beta-blockers were the most frequently used medication, prescribed to 74% of patients, while SGLT2i were the least common, used by only 9%. Notably, patients with type 2 diabetes were more likely to be on the four-pillar regimen ( -value = 0.016). Additionally, patients with a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) below 60 were more likely to be treated using the four-pillar ( -values = 0.044). The analysis revealed no significant difference in mortality rates between the two groups ( -value = 0.475). Our study demonstrated an overall low utilization of the four-pillar regimen for HF treatment in Jordan with several patients' characteristics associated with it. This highlight the need for enhanced collaborative effort and governmental initiatives to address the challenges of the low utilization of these medications.